Permanent structured cooperation

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Structural Breaks and Energy Consumption in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: Are Random Shocks Transitory or Permanent?

Australian Economic Papers, 2018
The impact of random shocks on the energy consumption of the Gulf Cooperation Council countries is essentially an empirical question which cannot be determined a priori without properly testing the integration properties of this variable. To this aim, we perform testing the unit root properties of this variable using both traditional unit root tests ...
Mohamed Osman, Ariful Hoque, Geoffrey Gachino +2 more
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The Permanent Structured Cooperation in the European Union. Its Real Potential Value

2019
For about more than a decade, the European Union (EU) has been dealing with particular dedication with security and defense issues. In particular, these issues have become increasingly relevant since the creation of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and the European Security and Defense Policy (ESDP).
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STRATEGIC AUTONOMY AND THE EUROPEAN UNION’S PERMANENT STRUCTURED COOPERATION

2019
Is the European Union’s Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) providing a coherent and comprehensive effort to achieve “strategic autonomy” in military capabilities or is it just a collection of miscellaneous initiatives under one umbrella? Is PESCO likely to pursue only temporary political results or does it manifest the potential to overturn the ...
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Combined differentiation in European defense: tailoring Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO) to strategic and political complexity

Contemporary Security Policy, 2023
Benjamin Martill, Carmen Gebhard
exaly

European Union's Common Security and Defence Policy: The Permanent Structured Cooperation (PESCO): How do political actors justify the development of PESCO? [PDF]