Results 141 to 150 of about 3,923 (179)
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Plant and fungal photopigments
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Membrane Transport and Signaling, 2012AbstractLight is both an energy source and a carrier of information. Changes in light intensity, direction, quality, spectral composition, and the metronomic predictability of the Earths' light‐dark cycles carry vital information about the environment. Photoreceptors have evolved that sense these characteristics of light and trigger cellular signaling ...
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Photoproducts of retinal photopigments and visual adaptation
Vision Research, 1972Abstract A five-component cyclic model of photopigment kinetics has been used to compute photochemical changes corresponding to experimental studies of rod adaptation in the rat and in man. It is noted that a simple relationship between rhodopsin photoproducts and visual threshold permits a consistent description of rod adaptation with or without a ...
M A, Mainster, T J, White
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Immunocytochemical localization of photopigments in cephalopod retinae
Journal of Neurocytology, 1987The photopigments, rhodopsin and retinochrome, have been localized in cephalopod retinae using light and electron microscopic immunocytochemical methods. Polyclonal antibodies prepared against squid opsin demonstrated the presence of this protein in the photoreceptor rhabdomes, Golgi zone, Golgi-associated vesicles, plasma membrane, large cytoplasmic ...
L J, Robles +4 more
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The effect of controlled photopigment excitations on pupil aperture
Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, 2010Abstract In addition to rods and cones, the human retina contains melanopsin which has been identified recently in the body and dendrites of a few ganglion cells. The intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are good candidates for controlling the tonic pupil aperture but their spectral sensitivity is close to ...
Françoise, Viénot +2 more
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Photopigments and the dimensionality of animal color vision
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2018Early color-matching studies established that normal human color vision is trichromatic. Subsequent research revealed a causal link between trichromacy and the presence in the retina of three classes of cone photopigments. Over the years, measurements of the photopigment complements of other species have expanded greatly and these are frequently used ...
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Derivation of the photopigment absorption spectra in anomalous trichromats*
Journal of the Optical Society of America, 1973We describe a method of deriving the absorption curves of the anomalous pigments of sex-linked anomalous color vision. The approach is based on combining Rayleigh-equation data with standard shapes for the visual pigments. For normal pigments, we used a standard shape derived from corrected dichromatic sensitivity curves, with λmax = 534 and 560 nm for
J, Pokorny, V C, Smith, I, Katz
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Melanopsin Forms a Functional Short-Wavelength Photopigment
Biochemistry, 2003Recently, melanopsin has emerged as the leading candidate for the elusive photopigment of the mammalian circadian system. This novel opsin-like protein is expressed in retinal ganglion cells that form the retinohypothalamic tract, a neuronal connection between the retina and the suprachiasmatic nucleus.
Lucy A, Newman +4 more
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Structure and evolution of the polymorphic photopigment gene of the marmoset
Vision Research, 1993The marmoset Callithrix jacchus jacchus, is typical of a New World monkey in exhibiting a polymorphism of photopigments in the middlewave to longwave (535-565 nm) region of the spectrum. The single X-linked opsin gene that encodes the protein component of these pigments is present in three allelic forms producing, in marmosets, pigments with maximum ...
D M, Hunt +3 more
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Photopigments and color vision in the nocturnal monkey,Aotus
Vision Research, 1993The owl monkey (Aotus trivirgatus) is the only nocturnal monkey. The photopigments of Aotus and the relationship between these photopigments and visual discrimination were examined through (1) an analysis of the flicker photometric electroretinogram (ERG), (2) psychophysical tests of visual sensitivity and color vision, and (3) a search for the ...
G H, Jacobs +4 more
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Visual Photopigment Evolution in Speciation
2014Visual pigment sensitivities are known to vary across organisms and habitats. The sensory drive theory was formulated over 20 years ago to help explain how such sensory variation could contribute to divergent selection and speciation. Since then, there have been only a few examples that support the idea that visual pigment evolution contributes to ...
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