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Lipases as Effective Green Biocatalysts for Phytosterol Esters’ Production: A Review [PDF]
Catalysts, 2022 Lipases are versatile enzymes widely used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. They are green biocatalysts with a high potential for industrial use compared to traditional chemical methods. In recent years, lipases have been used to synthesize a wide variety of molecules of industrial interest, and extraordinary results have been ...
Priscilla Amaral +2 more
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Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2002
Phytosterol esters are phytosterols derived from vegetable oils following esterification to fatty acids. When phytosterols are added to foods, they inhibit the absorption of dietary and endogenous cholesterol and thereby reduce blood cholesterol concentrations.
P A Hepburn, P A Hepburn
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Phytosterol esters are phytosterols derived from vegetable oils following esterification to fatty acids. When phytosterols are added to foods, they inhibit the absorption of dietary and endogenous cholesterol and thereby reduce blood cholesterol concentrations.
P A Hepburn, P A Hepburn
exaly +3 more sources
Enzymatic Synthesizing of Phytosterol Oleic Esters
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2011A method of synthesizing the phytosterol esters from oleic acid and sterols was studied, using immobilized lipase Candida sp. 99-125 as catalyst. Molar ratio (oleic acid/phytosterols), temperature, reaction period, organic solvents, catalyst, and silica-gel drier were optimized, and the result showed that 93.4% of the sterols had been esterified under ...
Tianwei Tan, Yu Senshen, Tan Tianwei
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Food and Chemical Toxicology, 1999
Phytosterol esters (PE) are intended for use as a novel food ingredient with plasma cholesterol lowering activity which works by inhibiting the absorption of cholesterol from the gut. Although PE are naturally present in the normal diet, the levels are insufficiently large to ensure lowering of plasma cholesterol levels.
P A Hepburn +2 more
exaly +4 more sources
Phytosterol esters (PE) are intended for use as a novel food ingredient with plasma cholesterol lowering activity which works by inhibiting the absorption of cholesterol from the gut. Although PE are naturally present in the normal diet, the levels are insufficiently large to ensure lowering of plasma cholesterol levels.
P A Hepburn +2 more
exaly +4 more sources
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 2023
AbstractFree phytosterols (PS) and phytosterol esters (PSE) usually coexist in natural edible oils, which affect the crystallization behaviors of oil significantly. However, the phase behaviors of PS and PSE in oils and their roles on the crystallization behaviors of oil are still unclear.
Shuai Zhou +3 more
openaire +1 more source
AbstractFree phytosterols (PS) and phytosterol esters (PSE) usually coexist in natural edible oils, which affect the crystallization behaviors of oil significantly. However, the phase behaviors of PS and PSE in oils and their roles on the crystallization behaviors of oil are still unclear.
Shuai Zhou +3 more
openaire +1 more source
Microwave‐assisted catalytic synthesis of phytosterol esters
International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 2022AbstractA low‐temperature reaction is of considerable importance in avoiding the degradation of phytosterol esters caused by high temperatures. In this study, an efficient method under mild conditions was developed to synthesise phytosterol esters by using microwave‐assisted catalyst dodecyl benzene sulphonic acid (DBSA).
Yaru Zhang +7 more
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Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2004
Vegetable oil spreads containing phytosterol-esters are marketed as a cholesterol-lowering functional food in more than 20 countries worldwide. An extensive package of safety data has shown phytosterol-esters to be safe for human use. However, even though phytosterols are very stable molecules, oxidation may occur at low levels under extreme heating ...
Paul Baldrick +2 more
exaly +3 more sources
Vegetable oil spreads containing phytosterol-esters are marketed as a cholesterol-lowering functional food in more than 20 countries worldwide. An extensive package of safety data has shown phytosterol-esters to be safe for human use. However, even though phytosterols are very stable molecules, oxidation may occur at low levels under extreme heating ...
Paul Baldrick +2 more
exaly +3 more sources
Food & Function, 2017
Free phytosterols and phytosterol esters were encapsulated in liposomes made with soy phospholipids using a high-pressure homogenizer. The liposome diameter increased with phytosterol content, particularly free sterols.
Fan C. Wang +2 more
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Free phytosterols and phytosterol esters were encapsulated in liposomes made with soy phospholipids using a high-pressure homogenizer. The liposome diameter increased with phytosterol content, particularly free sterols.
Fan C. Wang +2 more
openaire +2 more sources
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2000
As part of an extensive safety evaluation programme, a series of studies has been conducted to determine the fate of phytosterols in the rat. Rats were dosed by oral gavage with 14C-labelled samples of cholesterol, beta-sitosterol or beta-sitostanol or (3)H-labelled samples of beta-sitostanol, campesterol, campestanol or stigmasterol dissolved in ...
D J, Sanders +3 more
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As part of an extensive safety evaluation programme, a series of studies has been conducted to determine the fate of phytosterols in the rat. Rats were dosed by oral gavage with 14C-labelled samples of cholesterol, beta-sitosterol or beta-sitostanol or (3)H-labelled samples of beta-sitostanol, campesterol, campestanol or stigmasterol dissolved in ...
D J, Sanders +3 more
openaire +2 more sources
Simulation and optimization of supercritical fluid purification of phytosterol esters
AICHE Journal, 2009AbstractSupercritical carbon dioxide extraction to separate phytosterol esters from fatty acid esters and tocopherols was simulated and optimized using the group contribution equation of state. Experimental extraction data at 328 K, pressures ranging from 200 to 280 bar and solvent‐to‐feed ratio around 25, was employed to verify the performance of the ...
CARLOS Torres, Guillermo Reglero Rada
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