Results 31 to 40 of about 114,155 (256)
The Placebo Effect of Artificial Intelligence in Human-Computer Interaction [PDF]
, 2022 In medicine, patients can obtain real benefits from a sham treatment. These benefits are known as the placebo effect. We report two experiments (Experiment I: N=369; Experiment II: N=100) demonstrating a placebo effect in adaptive interfaces. Participants were asked to solve word puzzles while being supported by no system or an adaptive AI interface ...
arxiv +1 more source
International Journal of Medical Students, 2016 Background: This study explored doctors’ understanding of ‘placebo’, mechanisms of action, perceptions about effectiveness and concerns about use in a Malaysian teaching hospital. Methods: A survey questionnaire.
Amanda Villiers Tuthill +5 more
doaj +1 more source
Impure placebo is a useless concept [PDF]
, 2015 Placebos are allegedly used widely in general practice. Surveys reporting high level usage, however, have combined two categories, 'pure' and 'impure' placebos. The wide use of placebos is explained by the high level usage of impure placebos. In contrast,
Hemilä, Harri +2 more
core +1 more source
Single-stage, three-arm, adaptive test strategies for non-inferiority trials with an unstable reference [PDF]
, 2021 For indications where only unstable reference treatments are available and use of placebo is ethically justified, three-arm `gold standard' designs with an experimental, reference and placebo arm are recommended for non-inferiority trials. In such designs, the demonstration of efficacy of the reference or experimental treatment is a requirement.
arxiv +1 more source
Placebos and Medical Education
McGill Journal of Medicine, 2020 N ...
Amir Raz, Daniella Guindi
doaj +1 more source
How often do general practitioners use placebos and non-specific interventions? Systematic review and meta-analysis of surveys. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2018 BACKGROUND:In a systematic review and meta-analysis we summarize the available evidence on how frequently general practitioners/family physicians (GPs) use pure placebos (e.g., placebo pills) and non-specific therapies (sometimes referred to as impure ...
Klaus Linde +6 more
doaj +1 more source
Causal progress with imperfect placebo treatments and outcomes [PDF]
arXiv, 2023 In the quest to make defensible causal claims from observational data, it is sometimes possible to leverage information from "placebo treatments" and "placebo outcomes". Existing approaches employing such information focus largely on point identification and assume (i) "perfect placebos", meaning placebo treatments have precisely zero effect on the ...
arxiv
The Role of Placebo Samples in Observational Studies [PDF]
arXiv, 2022 In an observational study, it is common to leverage known null effect to detect bias. One such strategy is to set aside a placebo sample -- a subset of data immune from the hypothesized cause-and-effect relationship. Existence of an effect in the placebo sample raises concern of unmeasured confounding bias while absence of it corroborates the causal ...
arxiv
Assessing Vaccine Durability in Randomized Trials Following Placebo Crossover [PDF]
arXiv, 2021 Randomized vaccine trials are used to assess vaccine efficacy and to characterize the durability of vaccine induced protection. If efficacy is demonstrated, the treatment of placebo volunteers becomes an issue. For COVID-19 vaccine trials, there is broad consensus that placebo volunteers should be offered a vaccine once efficacy has been established ...
arxiv
Placebo: Feeling Better, Getting Better, and the Problems of Mind and Body
McGill Journal of Medicine, 2020 Over its history, medicine has vacillated between acknowledging placebo effects as important and trying to overcome them. Placebos are controversial, in part, because they appear to challenge a biocentric view of the scientific basis of medical practice.
John F. Kihlstrom
doaj +1 more source