Attributable risk, population attributable risk, and population attributable fraction of death associated with hypertension in a biracial population. [PDF]
Circulation, 1975 In 1961, blood pressure was measured in the 40-69-year-old segment of the population of Evans County, Georgia. Mortality was monitored for up to ten years. The relationship found between hypertension and mortality is characterized in this report by four parameters: attributable risk, prevalence, population attributable risk, and population attributable
D C, Deubner +4 more
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Use and misuse of population attributable fractions. [PDF]
American Journal of Public Health, 1998 How much of the disease burden in a population could be eliminated if the effects of certain causal factors were eliminated from the population? To address this question, epidemiologists calculate the population attributable fraction. As noted in a recent editorial in the Journal, population attributable fraction estimates can help guide policymakers ...
B, Rockhill, B, Newman, C, Weinberg
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The population-attributable fraction for time-to-event data
International Journal of Epidemiology, 2022 Abstract Background Even though the population-attributable fraction (PAF) is a well-established metric, it is often incorrectly estimated or interpreted not only in clinical application, but also in statistical research articles.
Maja von Cube +4 more
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Liver mortality attributable to chronic hepatitis C virus infection in Denmark and Scotland: using spontaneous resolvers as the benchmark comparator [PDF]
, 2016 Liver mortality among individuals with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection is common, but the relative contribution of CHC per se versus adverse health behaviors is uncertain.
Amin +49 more
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Modifiable lifestyle factors have a larger contribution to colorectal neoplasms than family history
BMC Cancer, 2022 Background Screening recommendations for colorectal cancer (CRC) are mainly based on family history rather than lifestyle risk factors. We aimed to assess and compare risk factors for colorectal neoplasm (CRN) and evaluate trends in neoplasm detection ...
Shuyuan Wang +14 more
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The population-attributable fraction for time-dependent exposures using dynamic prediction and landmarking [PDF]
, 2019 The public health impact of a harmful exposure can be quantified by the population-attributable fraction (PAF). The PAF describes the attributable risk due to an exposure and is often interpreted as the proportion of preventable cases if the exposure ...
Putter, Hein +5 more
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Environmental Health, 2019 All observational studies are liable to confounding and Levin’s formula becomes useless in practice for unbiasedly estimating PAF. With respect to causal interpretation of PAF in public health setting, unbiased estimation of PAF requires several ...
Ahmad Khosravi, Mohammad Ali Mansournia
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Deaths attributable to diabetes in the United States: comparison of data sources and estimation approaches [PDF]
, 2017 OBJECTIVE: The goal of this research was to identify the fraction of deaths attributable to diabetes in the United States. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We estimated population attributable fractions (PAF) for cohorts aged 30±84 who were surveyed in the ...
Preston, Samuel, Stokes, Andrew
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Journal of Epidemiology, 2016 Background: Smoking is a major modifiable risk factor for premature mortality. Estimating the smoking-attributable burden is important for public health policy.
Kyoung Ae Kong
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Attributable fraction and related measures: Conceptual relations in the counterfactual framework
Journal of Causal Inference, 2023 The attributable fraction (population) has attracted much attention from a theoretical perspective and has been used extensively to assess the impact of potential health interventions. However, despite its extensive use, there is much confusion about its
Suzuki Etsuji, Yamamoto Eiji
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