Results 81 to 90 of about 5,701,088 (332)

Optimism as a prior belief about the probability of future reward.

PLoS Computational Biology, 2014
Optimists hold positive a priori beliefs about the future. In Bayesian statistical theory, a priori beliefs can be overcome by experience. However, optimistic beliefs can at times appear surprisingly resistant to evidence, suggesting that optimism might ...
Aistis Stankevicius, Quentin J M Huys, Aditi Kalra, Peggy Seriès   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Confidence Intervals for the Coefficient of Quartile Variation of a Zero-inflated Lognormal Distribution

Emerging Science Journal, 2021
There are many types of skewed distribution, one of which is the lognormal distribution that is positively skewed and may contain true zero values. The coefficient of quartile variation is a statistical tool used to measure the dispersion of skewed and ...
Noppadon Yosboonruang, Sa-Aat Niwitpong
doaj   +1 more source

Joining Forces of Bayesian and Frequentist Methodology: A Study for Inference in the Presence of Non-Identifiability

, 2012
Increasingly complex applications involve large datasets in combination with non-linear and high dimensional mathematical models. In this context, statistical inference is a challenging issue that calls for pragmatic approaches that take advantage of ...
Box GEP, Karlsson J, Press WH, Seber GAF, Walter E   +4 more
core   +1 more source

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) trajectories predict survival in trifluridine/tipiracil‐treated metastatic colorectal cancer patients

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
The authors applied joint/mixed models that predict mortality of trifluridine/tipiracil‐treated metastatic colorectal cancer patients based on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) trajectories. Patients at high risk of death could be spared aggressive therapy with the prospect of a higher quality of life in their remaining lifetime, whereas patients with a ...
Matthias Unseld, Stefan Kühberger, Ricarda Graf, Christine Beichler, Markus Braun, Nadia Dandachi, Ellen Heitzer, Gerald W. Prager   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Minimum Risk Quantification Method for Error Threshold of Wind Farm Equivalent Model Based on Bayes Discriminant Criterion

Energies
The error threshold is the cornerstone to balance the mathematical complexity and simulation speed of wind farm (WF) equivalent models, and can promote the standardization process of equivalent methodology.
Yuming Shen, Hao Yang, Jiayin Xu, Kun Li, Jiaqing Wang, Qianlong Zhu   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Brain-wide representations of prior information in mouse decision-making

bioRxiv
The neural representations of prior information about the state of the world are poorly understood. To investigate them, we examined brain-wide Neuropixels recordings and widefield calcium imaging collected by the International Brain Laboratory.
Charles Findling, Félix Hubert, Luigi Acerbi, Brandon Benson, Julius Benson, Daniel Birman, Niccolò Bonacchi, M. Carandini, J. A. Catarino, Gaëlle A. Chapuis, A. Churchland, Y. Dan, Eric E. J. DeWitt, Tatiana A. Engel, Michele Fabbri, Mayo Faulkner, I. Fiete, Laura Freitas-Silva, Berk Gerçek, K. Harris, M. Häusser, S. Hofer, Fei Hu, Julia M. Huntenburg, Anup Khanal, Christopher S. Krasniak, Christopher Langdon, P. Latham, P. Lau, Z. Mainen, Guido T. Meijer, Nathaniel J. Miska, T. Mrsic-Flogel, Jean-Paul Noel, Kai Nylund, Alejandro Pan-Vazquez, L. Paninski, Jonathan W. Pillow, Cyrille Rossant, N. Roth, Rylan Schaeffer, Michael M Schartner, Yan Shi, Karolina Z. Socha, Nicholas A. Steinmetz, K. Svoboda, Charline Tessereau, Anne E. Urai, M. Wells, S. West, Matthew R Whiteway, Olivier Winter, Ilana B. Witten, A. Zador, P. Dayan, A. Pouget   +55 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Centered Partition Process: Informative Priors for Clustering

, 2019
There is a very rich literature proposing Bayesian approaches for clustering starting with a prior probability distribution on partitions. Most approaches assume exchangeability, leading to simple representations in terms of Exchangeable Partition ...
Dunson, David B., Herring, Amy H., Olshan, Andrew F., Paganin, Sally   +3 more
core   +1 more source

Plasma lipidomic and metabolomic profiles in high‐grade glioma patients before and after 72‐h presurgery water‐only fasting

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
Presurgery 72‐h fasting in GB patients leads to adaptations of plasma lipids and polar metabolites. Fasting reduces lysophosphatidylcholines and increases free fatty acids, shifts triglycerides toward long‐chain TGs and increases branched‐chain amino acids, alpha aminobutyric acid, and uric acid.
Iris Divé, Lisa Hahnefeld, Katharina J. Wenger, Donat Kögel, Joachim Steinbach, Gerd Geisslinger, Michael W. Ronellenfitsch, Irmgard Tegeder   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Minimum Description Length Induction, Bayesianism, and Kolmogorov Complexity [PDF]

, 1998
The relationship between the Bayesian approach and the minimum description length approach is established. We sharpen and clarify the general modeling principles MDL and MML, abstracted as the ideal MDL principle and defined from Bayes's rule by means of
Li, Ming, Vitanyi, Paul
core   +2 more sources

The effect of prior probabilities on quantification and propagation of imprecise probabilities resulting from small datasets

, 2018
This paper outlines a methodology for Bayesian multimodel uncertainty quantification (UQ) and propagation and presents an investigation into the effect of prior probabilities on the resulting uncertainties.
Shields, Michael D., Zhang, Jiaxin
core   +1 more source