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Theory of probability and theory of numbers

Commentarii mathematici Universitatis Sancti Pauli = Rikkyo Daigaku sugaku zasshi, 1992
A new theory of probability is proposed where the probability of an event can belong to the field of \(p\)-adic numbers \(Q_ p\) and to general topological completions of the field of rational numbers. There is a fruitful theory of integration of non-Archimedean valued functions. Thus the dispersion can be negative and even imaginary.
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Probable correctness theory

Information Processing Letters, 1987
Abstract A theory of ‘probable correctness’ is proposed to assess the reliability of software through testing. Current research in testing is not adequate for this assessment. Most testing methods are intended for debugging, to find failures and connect them to program faults for repair.
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A Categorical Approach to Probability Theory

Studia Logica, 2010
The authors continue their studies of categorical aspects of fuzzification of probability theory. They demonstrate that the category \(ID\) of \(D\)-posets of fuzzy sets and sequentially continuous \(D\)-homomorphisms is a suitable category to model classical and fuzzy probability theory and their mutual relationship. E.g.
Roman Fric, Martin Papco
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Graph Theory and Probability

Canadian Journal of Mathematics, 1959
A well-known theorem of Ramsay (8; 9) states that to every n there exists a smallest integer g(n) so that every graph of g(n) vertices contains either a set of n independent points or a complete graph of order n, but there exists a graph of g(n) — 1 vertices which does not contain a complete subgraph of n vertices and also does not contain a set of n ...
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Frequentist Probability Theory

2008
info:eu-repo/semantics ...
Hörmann, Siegfried, Friedl, H.
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Probability Theory, An Analytic View

2010
The third edition of this highly regarded text provides a rigorous, yet entertaining, introduction to probability theory and the analytic ideas and tools on which the modern theory relies. The main changes are the inclusion of the Gaussian isoperimetric inequality plus many improvements and clarifications throughout the text.
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Equipossibility Theories of Probability

The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 1971
This paper will explain why probability was for so long defined in terms of equally possible cases. The definition is usually attributed to Laplace. It preceded him by a century and survived him by another two. How could so monstrous a definition have survived three hundred articulate years? The trouble with the definition seems obvious enough.
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Probability as a Theory Dependent Concept

Synthese, 1999
Objectivists, we are told, explain probabilities in terms of events (Kolmogorov) or propensities (Popper), while on the other hand subjectivists refer to hypotheses (Keynes, Carnap) or degrees of belief (Ramsay, de Finetti). The aim of this paper is to unite the two facets, the objective and the subjective, in one single description: theory dependent ...
David Atkinson, Jeanne Peijnenburg
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Probability Theory and Probability Semantics

Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 2001
Book Information Probability Theory and Probability Semantics. By P. Roeper and H. Leblanc. University of Toronto Press. Toronto. 1999. Pp. xii + 240. Hardback, US$65.00.
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Probability theory and martingales

2014
In the bulk of this book, we have avoided the rigorous formulation of stochastic processes used by probabilists. We have sacrificed the level of rigor in order to make the material accessible to applied mathematicians and biological physicists who tend not have a background in advanced probability theory.
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