Results 101 to 110 of about 17,079 (299)

Integrated Field‐Free SOT Domain‐Wall Synapses and MTJ Stochastic Neurons for Hardware Boltzmann Machines

open access: yesAdvanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
Field‐free spin‐orbit torque domain‐wall synapses integrated with stochastic MTJ neurons enable compact hardware Boltzmann machines. Leveraging intrinsic stochasticity and multi‐level conductance, the system achieves efficient probabilistic learning with high accuracy, demonstrating a scalable spintronic platform for energy‐efficient edge AI.
Aijaz H. Lone   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Economic sanctions and human rights: Quantifying the legal proportionality principle

open access: yes, 2018
The proportionality principle, as the cardinal principle of international law, includes a necessity and a proportionality test, both of which rest on empirical premises. The necessity test involves an assessment of whether a legal sanction is well-suited
Neumeier, Florian   +3 more
core   +1 more source

Proportionality in tax disputes: Lithuanian Court practice

open access: yes
Through detailed consideration of relevant European Court of Justice and European Court of Human Rights case law, the author examines the principle of proportionality in European Union law and ways in which is is applicable to the settlement of tax law ...
Audzevicius, Ramunas
core  

Historical Foundation and Practical Guideline for Ferroelectric Switching Kinetic Studies

open access: yesAdvanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
The P and U pulses in the conventional PUND measurements are not identical because of the interplay between switching current and the measurement circuit components. This circuit effect can lead to a shift in polarization transients and misinterpreted physics in the switching kinetics.
Yi Liang, Pat Kezer, John T. Heron
wiley   +1 more source

THE CONSTITUTIONAL PRINCIPLE OF EQUALITY [PDF]

open access: yesChallenges of the Knowledge Society, 2018
The equality in human rights and obligations, the equality of citizens before the law are fundamental categories of the theories on social democracy but also conditions of the lawful state, without which constitutional democracy cannot be conceived. In
Marius ANDREESCU, Claudia ANDREESCU
doaj  

Mutual Recognition in Criminal Matters and the Principle of Proportionality: Effective Proportionality or Proportionate Effectiveness?

open access: yes, 2014
The principle of proportionality constitutes a general principle of EU law. However, its application with regard to judicial cooperation in criminal matters between the EU Member States has remained somewhat unclear, especially after the introduction of
Dan Helenius
core   +1 more source

3D Printing Innovations in Polymeric Porous and Patterned Architecture

open access: yesAdvanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
Polymeric foams occupy a unique structural space between dense solids and open networks, where engineered void fraction governs mechanical compliance, thermal resistance, and mass transport. Additive manufacturing now enables precise spatial control over cellular architecture, unlocking designer foam structures across applications spanning crash ...
Dhanush Patil   +13 more
wiley   +1 more source

Powers of Inspection of the Polish Competition Authority. Question of Proportionality [PDF]

open access: yesYearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies, 2011
The principle of proportionality applies to competition proceedings especially, when it comes to the exercise by the competition authority of its powers of inspection.
Maciej Bernatt
doaj  

Spectroscopic Investigation of Polysulfide Redox Evolution in Catholyte Solutions for Potassium–Sulfur Batteries

open access: yesAdvanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
Potassium–sulfur batteries are investigated using UV–vis spectroscopy to track the evolution of potassium polysulfide species at elevated temperature. The study reveals sulfur radical anions as key intermediates and shows how solvent composition and cell design influence polysulfide stability, redox behavior, and cycling performance, providing insights
Chiara Morini   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Verhältnismäßigkeitsgrundsatz und Gewaltenteilung: The Relationship Between the Principle of Proportionality and the Separation of Powers in the German Legal System

open access: yes
reservedLa presente tesi si concentra sulla relazione tra due principi fondamentali dell’ordinamento giuridico tedesco, il principio di proporzionalità (Verhältnismäßigkeitsgrundsatz) e la separazione dei poteri (Gewaltenteilung).
MARIGONDA, FEDERICA
core  

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