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Nitrogen‐Functionalized Lignin: Current Status, Applications, and Challenges
ChemSusChem, EarlyView.This Table of Contents graphic illustrates strategies for nitrogen‐functionalizing lignin via physical blending, chemical modification, and grafting copolymerization, enabling advanced applications in energy, environment, and biomedicine. The central concept highlights the synergy between lignin valorization and nitrogen chemistry for functional ...
Jiansong Chen +3 more
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Determination of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1961Abstract The official potassium ferricyanide assays of quaternary ammonium, preparations can be modified to include a potentiometric titration with silver nitrate instead of the suggested iodometric method for the determination of the excess ferricyanide. Sodium nitrite interferes with the ferricyanide assay methods.
John J. Hefferren, Carol L. Dietz
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Inclusion of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds by Calixarenes
Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Molecular Recognition in Chemistry, 1994In weakly polar solvents, strong association occurs between calixarene anions and tetraalkylammonium cations, with the magnitude of the observed equilibrium constants depending upon the charge on the anion, the solvent, the ring size of the calixarene and the nature of the alkyl group of the cation. Large upfield shifts of the methyl resonances of the [
Jack M. Harrowfield +2 more
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Quaternary ammonium compounds in the Capparaceae
Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 1996Abstract Fifty-five species and varieties of Capparaceae distributed in 17 genera have been examined for the presence of betaines and other quaternary ammonium compounds. Prolinebetaine and/or 3-hydroxyprolinebetaine were detected in all the species examined of Crataeva, Ritchiea, Maerua, Boscia, Capparis, Cladostemon, Cadaba, Thilachium, Morisonia
Kenneth Jewers +2 more
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Quaternary Ammonium Compound Toxicity in Chickens
Avian Diseases, 1982Two commercial White Leghorn flocks of 41,000 and 57,000 25-week-old hens experienced death losses of 676 and 1,089 birds in a week. Six birds from each flock were presented for necropsy to the Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory at Purdue University with a clinical history of excessive deaths, unsatisfactory production, and dehydration. Gross lesions
A. S. Dhillon +2 more
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Quaternary ammonium compounds and occupational asthma
International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 2000Quaternary ammonium compounds, among which benzalkonium chloride is one of the best-known, are commonly used as antiseptics, disinfectants, detergents and preservatives. They can cause occupational asthma, which however, has been rarely reported so far, despite wide use of these products. We report three such cases.
C Moreau +5 more
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Quaternary Ammonium Compounds as Preservatives*
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Scientific ed.), 1947The antiseptics employed were cetyl pyridinium chloride (Ceepryn) and p‐tertiary octylphenoxyethoxyethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (Phemerol). Very low concentrations of these antiseptics were found effective in preserving both gelatin and sucrose solutions.
L.F. Tice, A.W. Moore
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2012
The main cause of failure of biomedical implants is bacterial infections. Despite all efforts, it will never be possible to completely free operating theaters from bacteria, as human bodies contain already 1014 bacteria. Once on a surface, bacteria start proliferating, while protecting themselves with a slime layer against the immune system and ...
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The main cause of failure of biomedical implants is bacterial infections. Despite all efforts, it will never be possible to completely free operating theaters from bacteria, as human bodies contain already 1014 bacteria. Once on a surface, bacteria start proliferating, while protecting themselves with a slime layer against the immune system and ...
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2002
Quaternary ammonium chlorides (QACs) occupy a unique niche in the world of antimicrobial compounds. Rather than being a single, well-defined substance, as is the case for many such active ingredients, QACs are composed of a diverse, eclectic collection of substances that share a common chemical motif, namely a molecular structure containing a positively
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Quaternary ammonium chlorides (QACs) occupy a unique niche in the world of antimicrobial compounds. Rather than being a single, well-defined substance, as is the case for many such active ingredients, QACs are composed of a diverse, eclectic collection of substances that share a common chemical motif, namely a molecular structure containing a positively
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Ototoxic Effect of Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 1982In earlier investigations by the author it has been shown that chlorhexidine, when introduced into the middle ear of guinea pigs, caused serious damage to the inner ear. The present investigation was performed in order to study if the quaternary ammonium compounds benzethonium chloride and benzalkonium chloride, frequently used for skin disinfection ...
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