Rail-to-rail - Open Access .click

Proceedings of 2010 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2010
A tunable CMOS transconductor is presented. Input rail-to-rail operation is achieved using floating-gate MOS (FGMOS) transistors. Tuning is also obtained using FGMOS transistors, which are biased in weak or moderate inversion to achieve precise output current scaling.
José María Algueta-Miguel +3 more
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A 1.2 V rail-to-rail switched buffer

1998 IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems. Surfing the Waves of Science and Technology (Cat. No.98EX196), 2002
A CMOS low-voltage (1.2 V) switched buffer to be used as input stage in switched-opamp circuits is presented. The circuit is based on the use of an op-amp featuring rail-to-rail input and output swing with constant transconductance (gm) over the input common mode voltage. The circuit operates from a single 1.2 V, consuming about 0.6 mW.
Ferri, G, Costa, A, BASCHIROTTO, ANDREA
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A 30 V rail-to-rail operational amplifier

Microelectronics Journal, 2015
This work presents a high-voltage (HV) operational amplifier (OPA). OPAs are widely used in signal conditioning circuits for industrial applications and integrated circuits (ICs). Particularly, in HV applications like BMS (battery management system), the signal conditioning circuits are always used to transfer voltage signal between HV domain and low ...
Chua-Chin Wang +4 more
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7. clean energy
a1
rail corrugation

rail wear
physics
metro

urban rail transit
b2
b1