Microfabricated Reference Electrodes and their Biosensing Applications [PDF]
Sensors, 2010 Over the past two decades, there has been an increasing trend towards miniaturization of both biological and chemical sensors and their integration with miniaturized sample pre-processing and analysis systems.
M. Jamal Deen +5 more
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The Integration of Reference Electrode for ISFET Ion Sensors Using Fluorothiophenol-Treated rGO [PDF]
Biosensors, 2023 Ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs) detect specific ions in solutions that enable straightforward, fast, and inexpensive sensors compared to other benchtop equipment. However, a conventional reference electrode (RE) such as Ag/AgCl is limited
Dae Hoon Kim +6 more
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Encyclopedia, 2023 A reference electrode is a half-cell (an electrode) with a stable, well-defined and highly reproducible electrode potential. A vast number of electrodes have been developed for different applications. They are briefly presented. For the common types, the
Jessica Roscher, Rudolf Holze
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Voltammetry Peak Tracking for Longer-Lasting and Reference-Electrode-Free Electrochemical Biosensors [PDF]
Biosensors, 2022 Electrochemical aptamer-based sensors offer reagent-free and continuous analyte measurement but often suffer from poor longevity and potential drift even with a robust 3-electrode system.
Adam McHenry +2 more
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Is the Reference Electrode Location Important for the Electromyography Evaluation of the Pelvic Floor in Urodynamic Studies? [PDF]
International Neurourology Journal, 2022 Purpose Perineal electromyography (EMG) is a crucial part of urodynamic studies. Many researchers focused on the standardization of techniques in urodynamics, but no study has yet evaluated the differences with various reference electrode placements. The
Ali Tekin +7 more
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A polarizable reference electrode
Electrochemistry Communications, 2022 A problem often encountered in polarization studies at water (w)/organic solvent (o) interfaces is the poor stability of the potential of the reference electrode connected to the organic solvent phase (o).
Vladimír Mareček
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On the mechanism of the bipolar reference electrode. [PDF]
Analyst, 2023 Conditions under which the bipolar reference electrode (BPRE) acts as a true reference electrode or an unusually stable quasi-reference electrode (BPQRE) are elucidated. This novel reference electrode overcomes many drawbacks of fritted electrodes.
Walker NL, Dick JE.
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Valve-Actuator-Integrated Reference Electrode for an Ultra-Long-Life Rumen pH Sensor [PDF]
Sensors, 2020 We demonstrated a newly developed Ag/AgCl reference electrode- with a valve-actuator for two years or longer rumen pH monitoring. Previous studies on pH sensors reported that the short lifetime of Ag/AgCl reference electrodes is caused by an outflow of ...
Shogo Higuchi +3 more
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Strategies of Miniaturised Reference Electrodes Integrated in a Silicon Based “one chip†pH Sensor [PDF]
Sensors, 2003 Different types of Ag/AgCl reference electrodes have been realised by means of thin- and thick-film technique. For inner electrolyte, KCl-containing membranes have been deposited and different coatings have been used to protect the reference electrode ...
J. Schöning +3 more
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The influence of reference electrode in electrical impedance tomography [PDF]
Heliyon, 2022 Background: Some electrical impedance tomography (EIT) devices equip reference electrodes. In practice, it is not uncommon to observe high contact impedance for the reference electrode.
Zhimin Lin +9 more
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