Encyclopedia, 2023 A reference electrode is a half-cell (an electrode) with a stable, well-defined and highly reproducible electrode potential. A vast number of electrodes have been developed for different applications. They are briefly presented. For the common types, the
Jessica Roscher, Rudolf Holze
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The Integration of Reference Electrode for ISFET Ion Sensors Using Fluorothiophenol-Treated rGO [PDF]
Biosensors, 2023 Ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs) detect specific ions in solutions that enable straightforward, fast, and inexpensive sensors compared to other benchtop equipment. However, a conventional reference electrode (RE) such as Ag/AgCl is limited
Dae Hoon Kim +6 more
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Voltammetry Peak Tracking for Longer-Lasting and Reference-Electrode-Free Electrochemical Biosensors [PDF]
Biosensors, 2022 Electrochemical aptamer-based sensors offer reagent-free and continuous analyte measurement but often suffer from poor longevity and potential drift even with a robust 3-electrode system.
Adam McHenry +2 more
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The influence of reference electrode in electrical impedance tomography [PDF]
Heliyon, 2022 Background: Some electrical impedance tomography (EIT) devices equip reference electrodes. In practice, it is not uncommon to observe high contact impedance for the reference electrode.
Li, Yimin +19 more
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Is the Reference Electrode Location Important for the Electromyography Evaluation of the Pelvic Floor in Urodynamic Studies? [PDF]
International Neurourology Journal, 2022 Purpose Perineal electromyography (EMG) is a crucial part of urodynamic studies. Many researchers focused on the standardization of techniques in urodynamics, but no study has yet evaluated the differences with various reference electrode placements. The
Ali Tekin +7 more
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Valve-Actuator-Integrated Reference Electrode for an Ultra-Long-Life Rumen pH Sensor [PDF]
Sensors, 2020 We demonstrated a newly developed Ag/AgCl reference electrode- with a valve-actuator for two years or longer rumen pH monitoring. Previous studies on pH sensors reported that the short lifetime of Ag/AgCl reference electrodes is caused by an outflow of ...
Shogo Higuchi +3 more
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The Behavioral Effects of tDCS on Visual Search Performance Are Not Influenced by the Location of the Reference Electrode [PDF]
Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2017 We investigated the role of reference electrode placement (ipsilateral v contralateral frontal pole) on conjunction visual search task performance when the transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) cathode is placed over right posterior parietal ...
Amanda Ellison +5 more
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Battery smart sensing via a virtual reference electrode [PDF]
Nat CommunBattery safety is regulated by management systems that use current and cell voltage to define operating limits, but these signals can miss lithium metal plating.
Keyue Liang +18 more
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Influence of the Reference Electrode on the Performance of Single‐Electrode Triboelectric Nanogenerators and the Optimization Strategies [PDF]
Advanced Science, 2023 Owing to their unique advantages, single‐electrode triboelectric nanogenerators (SETENGs) have gained wide attention and have been applied in myriad areas, especially in the burgeoning flexible/wearable electronics.
Zetong Chen +10 more
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Two-Channel Graphene pH Sensor Using Semi-Ionic Fluorinated Graphene Reference Electrode [PDF]
Sensors, 2020 A reference electrode is necessary for the working of ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET)-type sensors in electrolyte solutions. The Ag/AgCl electrode is normally used as a reference electrode.
Dae Hoon Kim +5 more
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