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Refinement methods and refinement calculi
Software Engineering Journal, 1992A number of modern approaches to refinement are discussed and compared, and their broad classification into refinement methods and refinement calculi is explained. The refinement methods concerned are all based on the model-based specification languages VDM and Z, whereas the refinement calculi are all developments of the Dijkstra programming calculus.
H. J. Litteck, Peter J. L. Wallis
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Refining by architectural styles or architecting by refinements
Joint proceedings of the second international software architecture workshop (ISAW-2) and international workshop on multiple perspectives in software development (Viewpoints '96) on SIGSOFT '96 workshops, 1996In L. Vidal, A.Finkelstein, G. Spanoudakis, and A. L. Wolf (eds) Joint Proceedings of the ACM SIGSOFT 96 Workshops, Part I, 2nd Int. Software Architecture Workshop. S.
MONTANGERO, CARLO, SEMINI, LAURA
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Journal of Algorithms, 1993
Factor refinement (in \(\mathbb Z\)) refers to the transition from \(m=m_ 1 m_ 2\) to \(m=\prod n_ i^{e_ i}\) where the \(n_ i\) are not necessarily prime but \(\gcd(n_ i n_ j)=1\). The method is to use only the gcd algorithm starting with \(d=\gcd(m_ 1,m_ 2)\) and \(m=(m_ 1/d)d^ 2 (m_ 2/d)\). Then proceed by induction. The process is of complexity \(O(
Eric Bach 0001 +2 more
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Factor refinement (in \(\mathbb Z\)) refers to the transition from \(m=m_ 1 m_ 2\) to \(m=\prod n_ i^{e_ i}\) where the \(n_ i\) are not necessarily prime but \(\gcd(n_ i n_ j)=1\). The method is to use only the gcd algorithm starting with \(d=\gcd(m_ 1,m_ 2)\) and \(m=(m_ 1/d)d^ 2 (m_ 2/d)\). Then proceed by induction. The process is of complexity \(O(
Eric Bach 0001 +2 more
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Alternatives to Laboratory Animals, 2013
Russell and Burch's principle of refinement has endured from its inception in the 1950s, to appear in today's EU ...
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Russell and Burch's principle of refinement has endured from its inception in the 1950s, to appear in today's EU ...
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Science in China Series F: Information Sciences, 2008
zbMATH Open Web Interface contents unavailable due to conflicting licenses.
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zbMATH Open Web Interface contents unavailable due to conflicting licenses.
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2015 45th Annual IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks, 2015
Algorithms for solving the consensus problem are fundamental to distributed computing. Despite their brevity, their ability to operate in concurrent, asynchronous, and failure-prone environments comes at the cost of complex and subtle behaviors. Accordingly, understanding how they work and proving their correctness is a non-trivial endeavor where ...
Ognjen Maric +2 more
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Algorithms for solving the consensus problem are fundamental to distributed computing. Despite their brevity, their ability to operate in concurrent, asynchronous, and failure-prone environments comes at the cost of complex and subtle behaviors. Accordingly, understanding how they work and proving their correctness is a non-trivial endeavor where ...
Ognjen Maric +2 more
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SSRN Electronic Journal, 2014 Households that fail to refinance their mortgage when interest rates decline can lose out on substantial savings. Based on a large random sample of outstanding U.S. mortgages in December of 2010, we estimate that approximately 20% of households for whom refinancing would be optimal and who appeared unconstrained to do so, had not taken advantage of the
Keys, Benjamin J. +2 more
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Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, 2020
Summary: With a growing massive weight loss population, upper arm contouring continues to rise in popularity. Refinements in technique, such as modification of skin excision patterns and the adjunct use of liposuction, have allowed for safe and reproducible results.
Rod J, Rohrich +2 more
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Summary: With a growing massive weight loss population, upper arm contouring continues to rise in popularity. Refinements in technique, such as modification of skin excision patterns and the adjunct use of liposuction, have allowed for safe and reproducible results.
Rod J, Rohrich +2 more
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Journal of the London Mathematical Society, 1975
A partition of a set is refined by splitting one of the subsets into two smaller subsets. Let \(f(n)\) denote the number of ways of transforming \(n\) indistinguishable objects into \(n\) singletons via a sequence of \(n-1\) refinements. The authors show that there exist constants \(c_1\) and \(c_2\) such that \(c^n_1n^{n/2}
Erdős, Paul +2 more
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A partition of a set is refined by splitting one of the subsets into two smaller subsets. Let \(f(n)\) denote the number of ways of transforming \(n\) indistinguishable objects into \(n\) singletons via a sequence of \(n-1\) refinements. The authors show that there exist constants \(c_1\) and \(c_2\) such that \(c^n_1n^{n/2}
Erdős, Paul +2 more
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2021
In this chapter, we will shape up visual elements and implement visual structure together with code structure. Visual elements can evolve best when the idea is still under construction, and we can follow new inspirations from working with code. We will also dig a bit deeper in working with data structures and unleash new powers of Processing.
Mathias Funk, Yu Zhang
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In this chapter, we will shape up visual elements and implement visual structure together with code structure. Visual elements can evolve best when the idea is still under construction, and we can follow new inspirations from working with code. We will also dig a bit deeper in working with data structures and unleash new powers of Processing.
Mathias Funk, Yu Zhang
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