Results 81 to 90 of about 3,150,678 (298)

Neural interactions between reward and inhibition in preadolescent irritability: a dual-task design

NeuroImage: Clinical
Aberrant reward and inhibitory control processing have been implicated in mechanistic models of irritability theorizing that better inhibitory control may be an effective modulator of exaggerated reward responses and thus, irritable behavior.
Alyssa J. Parker, Johanna C. Walker, Lea R. Dougherty, Jillian Lee Wiggins   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

The impact of familial risk and early life adversity on emotion and reward processing networks in youth at-risk for bipolar disorder.

PLoS ONE, 2019
A recently developed risk calculator for bipolar disorder (BD) accounts for clinical and parental psychopathology. Yet, it is understood that both familial predisposition and early life adversity contribute to the development of BD.
Lindsay C Hanford, Kristen Eckstrand, Anna Manelis, Danella M Hafeman, John Merranko, Cecile D Ladouceur, Simona Graur, Alicia McCaffrey, Kelly Monk, Lisa K Bonar, Mary Beth Hickey, Tina R Goldstein, Benjamin I Goldstein, David Axelson, Genna Bebko, Michele A Bertocci, Mary Kay Gill, Boris Birmaher, Mary L Phillips   +18 more
doaj   +1 more source

Social and monetary reward processing in autism spectrum disorders

Molecular Autism, 2012
Background Social motivation theory suggests that deficits in social reward processing underlie social impairments in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). However, the extent to which abnormalities in reward processing generalize to other classes of stimuli ...
Delmonte Sonja, Balsters Joshua H, McGrath Jane, Fitzgerald Jacqueline, Brennan Sean, Fagan Andrew J, Gallagher Louise   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Structural and biochemical analysis of a B12 superbinder

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
BtuG proteins are vitamin B12 scavengers in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a dominant human gut bacterium. We present crystal structures of three BtuG homologs bound to cobalamin and its precursor cobinamide, revealing picomolar binding affinities, among the highest known for any natural protein.
Jose M. Martinez Felices, Jacob J. Whittaker, Dirk J. Slotboom, Albert Guskov   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Social Reward Shaping in the Prisoner's Dilemma

, 2008
Reward shaping is a well-known technique applied to help reinforcement-learning agents converge more quickly to near-optimal behavior. In this paper, we introduce social reward shaping, which is reward shaping applied in the multiagent-learning framework.
Munoz de Cote, Enrique, Littman, Michael L., Babes, Monica   +2 more
core   +1 more source

The Bidirectional Process Reward Model

Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Process Reward Models (PRMs), which assign fine-grained scores to intermediate reasoning steps within a solution trajectory, have emerged as a promising approach to enhance the reasoning quality of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, most existing PRMs rely on a unidirectional left-to-right (L2R) evaluation scheme, which restricts their utilization ...
Lingyin Zhang, Jun Gao, Xiaoxue Ren, Ziqiang Cao   +3 more
openaire   +3 more sources

RNA‐related functions of BRCA2 in transcription, replication, and genome stability

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Beyond its role in homologous recombination, BRCA2 regulates R‐loop homeostasis, DNA–RNA hybrid resolution, RNA polymerase II dynamics, and transcriptional activation. Disruption of any of these functions can contribute to genome instability, inflammatory signaling, and tumorigenesis. BRCA2 is a central tumor suppressor protein best known for its roles
Lucia Alvaro‐Aranda, Sreerama Chaitanya Sridhara, Aura Carreira   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Distraction Modulates Self-Referential Effects in the Processing of Monetary and Social Rewards

Frontiers in Psychology, 2019
A reward that is personally relevant tends to induce stronger pursuit motivation than a reward that is linked to other people. However, the role of attention in eliciting this “self-referential reward effect” remains unclear.
Jia Zhu, Jia Zhu, Youlong Zhan
doaj   +1 more source

The heterodimeric amino acid transporters (HAT) of the SLC7/SLC3 family: A structure−function relationships and relevance to human pathology

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Heterodimeric amino acid transporters consist of SLC7 and SLC3 family proteins arranged in a conserved structural organization. They regulate nutrient transport across cell membranes, supporting essential cellular functions. These transporters also contribute to xenobiotic/drug uptake and distribution.
Mariafrancesca Scalise, Tiziano Mazza, Raffaella Scanga, Lara Console, Michele Galluccio, Cesare Indiveri   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Cognitive processing of food rewards

Appetite, 2016
Cues associated with tasty foods, such as their smell or taste, are strong motivators of eating, but the power of food cues on behaviour varies from moment to moment and from person to person. Variation in the rewarding value of a food with metabolic state explains why food cues are more attractive when hungry.
openaire   +2 more sources