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2012
Private supplementary tutoring, or shadow education, has long been a major phenomenon in parts of East Asia, including Japan, Hong Kong, South Korea, and Taiwan. In recent times, shadow education has been rapidly increasing in other Asian countries as well, as it has in Europe and North America.
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Private supplementary tutoring, or shadow education, has long been a major phenomenon in parts of East Asia, including Japan, Hong Kong, South Korea, and Taiwan. In recent times, shadow education has been rapidly increasing in other Asian countries as well, as it has in Europe and North America.
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The Global Spread of Shadow Education
2014This chapter focuses on the shadow education system of private supplementary tutoring, addressing the nature and implications of extra lessons in academic subjects for pupils attending primary and secondary schools. We are here only concerned with extra lessons that are provided in exchange for a fee, in contrast to lessons provided free of charge by ...
Mark Bray, Magda Nutsa Kobakhidze
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Black Education in the Shadow of Apollo:
In a speech given in 1963, Alabama A&M University President Dr. Richard D. Morrison proclaimed that the rise of the Space Age and the rapid development of the aerospace industry in Huntsville, Alabama provided black students with an opportunity to enter a new career field on equal terms with whites.openaire +1 more source
Education in the Shadow of Contempt
Science, 1968H S, Broudy, M C, Wittrock
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Influences of shadow education on the ecology of education – A review of the literature
Educational Research Review, 2022Jiahui Luo, Cecilia Ka Yuk Chan
exaly
Advances in Social Behavior Research
A prevailing consensus in education laments the role of shadow education as a significant driver of social inequality, a concern that prompted Chinas recent regulatory policies aimed at inhibiting its growth. However, this well-intentioned policy exacerbated existing gaps as they grant privileges to families with more economic and cultural capital ...
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A prevailing consensus in education laments the role of shadow education as a significant driver of social inequality, a concern that prompted Chinas recent regulatory policies aimed at inhibiting its growth. However, this well-intentioned policy exacerbated existing gaps as they grant privileges to families with more economic and cultural capital ...
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A bibliometric mapping of shadow education research: achievements, limitations, and the future
Asia Pacific Education Review, 2022Anas Hajar +2 more
exaly
Peer effects and shadow education
Economic Modelling, 2022Zheng Pan, Donald Lien, Hao Wang
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History of Shadow Education in Korea
2016Since the 1950s, private tutoring for college admission exams has spread widely in Korea, raising social controversies and tension within society that the government has consistently implemented policies to reduce (Ko 2013). However, in spite of these policies, the place of hakwons in Korean education has increased sharply in numerous aspects, for ...
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