Results 41 to 50 of about 3,787 (215)

Divergent Responses of Bacterial Communities to Permafrost Degradation and Their Associations With Carbon Across Vertical Profiles

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
Bacterial α‐diversity decreases, but stochasticity and community stability increase across the 15 m‐depth vertical profiles and along the degraded gradient within the active layer. The abundance and interaction of core taxa mainly control community stability in the active and permafrost layers, respectively.
Shengyun Chen, Yuzheng Gu, Ali Bahadur, Enyan Liu, Tonghua Wu, Xiaofan Zhu, Yuanqiang Zou, Hewei Liang, Peijie Wei, Linwei Wu, Qingbai Wu, Peizhi Yang, Hongyan Yu, Yunfeng Yang   +13 more
wiley   +1 more source

Exploring entropy measures in polymer graphs using logarithmic regression model

Scientific Reports
Graph Entropies, calculated from indices, quantify the structural information of chemical linkages and graphs using Shannon’s Entropy notion. This study investigates the chemical structures of polyester and polycarbonate polymers.
Muhammad Irfan, Jihad Younis, Alaa Altassan, Wafa F. Alfwzan, Nabeela Bashir, Nof T. Alharbi   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Increasing the Discriminatory Power of DEA Using Shannon’s Entropy

Entropy, 2014
In many data envelopment analysis (DEA) applications, the analyst always confronts the difficulty that the selected data set is not suitable to apply traditional DEA models for their poor discrimination.
Qiwei Xie, Qianzhi Dai, Yongjun Li, An Jiang   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Extending the concept of entropy-negentropy for the assessment of ecological dominance and diversity at alpha, beta and gamma levels

Geology, Ecology, and Landscapes, 2021
Several measures of ecological diversity have been defined at alpha, beta, and gamma levels and less attention has been paid to characterise their ecological dominance.
Vinod Kumar, Ashwani Kumar Thukral, Anket Sharma, Renu Bhardwaj   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Extracellular Vesicles of Streptococcus anginosus Mediate Gastritis via Epithelial Barrier Disruption and Macrophage‐driven Inflammation

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
Streptococcus anginosus extracellular vesicles (SA‐EVs) accumulate in gastric tissue, disrupt epithelial tight junctions, and induce gastritis characterized by neutrophil infiltration and elevated cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐17A). Proteomics identifies TMPC and FBP62 as key SA‐EVs virulence factors; their genetic deletion attenuates inflammation ...
Ying Gong, Lina Duan, Jie Xiao, Yulu Deng, Hongxia Wang, Yajie Zhang, Xiumei Hu, Haifang Wang, Taixue An, Xin Li, Yurong Qiu, Lei Zheng, Haixia Li   +12 more
wiley   +1 more source

Monotonic Entropies

Scientific Annals of Computer Science
We introduce an axiomatization of entropy that generates, as special cases, novel entropy types. These entropies generalize Shannon’s entropy and allow the introduction of entropy for partitions of sets of objects located in metric spaces, and for ...
Dan Simovici
doaj   +1 more source

A Note on Burg’s Modified Entropy in Statistical Mechanics

Mathematics, 2016
Burg’s entropy plays an important role in this age of information euphoria, particularly in understanding the emergent behavior of a complex system such as statistical mechanics. For discrete or continuous variable, maximization of Burg’s Entropy subject
Amritansu Ray, S. K. Majumder
doaj   +1 more source

MGM as a Large‐Scale Pretrained Foundation Model for Microbiome Analyses in Diverse Contexts

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
We present the Microbial General Model (MGM), a transformer‐based foundation model pretrained on over 260,000 microbiome samples. MGM learns contextualized microbial representations via self‐supervised language modeling, enabling robust transfer learning, cross‐regional generalization, keystone taxa discovery, and prompt‐guided generation of realistic,
Haohong Zhang, Yuli Zhang, Zixin Kang, Jiayun Xiong, Ronghua Yang, Kang Ning   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Rapid Remodeling of the Human Gut Microbiome in Response to Short‐Term Animal Product Restriction and Associations with Host Molecular Phenotypes

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
A real‐world model of structured animal product restriction practiced for religious reasons reveals the dynamic adaptability of the human gut microbiome to dietary change and uncovers reductions in diversity and rare taxa loss. Integrated microbiome, metabolomic, and proteomic analyses uncover coordinated taxonomic and molecular shifts and identify ...
Christina Emmanouil, Maria Anezaki, Alexandros Simistiras, Stavros Glentis, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Pantelis Hatzis, Konstantinos Rouskas, Antigone S. Dimas   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

An Intrinsic Characterization of Shannon’s and Rényi’s Entropy

Entropy
All characterizations of the Shannon entropy include the so-called chain rule, a formula on a hierarchically structured probability distribution, which is based on at least two elementary distributions.
Martin Schlather, Carmen Ditscheid
doaj   +1 more source