Results 311 to 320 of about 62,571 (334)

Effect of permeation enhancers and organic acids on the skin permeation of indapamide

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2008
The aim of present study was to investigate the transdermal properties of indapamide and to explore the efficacy of various permeation enhancers and organic acids with regard to the percutaneous absorption of indapamide. Permeation experiments were performed in vitro, using rat abdominal skin as a barrier. In the permeation studies, 2-chamber diffusion
Ligang Zhao, Ting Li, Liang Fang, Zhonggui He, Changshun Ren, Manli Wang   +5 more
openaire   +3 more sources

In vitro permeation of levothyroxine across the skin

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2008
The aim of this work was to investigate the in vitro transdermal permeation characteristics of sodium levothyroxine, in view of its topical application. Permeation experiments were performed in vitro, using rabbit ear skin as barrier. At the end of the experiments levothyroxine retained in the skin was extracted and quantified by HPLC. The formulations
PADULA, Cristina, SANTI, Patrizia, PAPPANI A.   +2 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Mechanistic Study of Alkyl Azacycloheptanones as Skin Permeation Enhancers by Permeation and Partition Experiments with Hairless Mouse Skin

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2003
In previous studies (Yoneto et al., 1995. J Pharm Sci 84:312-317; Kim et al., 1992. Int J Pharm 80:17-31; and Warner et al., 2001. J Pharm Sci 90:1143-53), the transport enhancing effects of four homologous series of enhancers-the n-alkanols, 1-alkyl-2-pyrrolidones, 1,2-alkanediols, and N,N-dimethylalkanamides - on the transport of steroidal permeants ...
T.Marjukka Suhonen, T.Marjukka Suhonen, S. Kevin Li, Ning He, William I. Higuchi, Kevin S. Warner   +5 more
openaire   +3 more sources

In vitro skin permeation techniques

Journal of Controlled Release, 1992
Abstract This paper reviews various techniques used to assess permeation of drugs into and through skin under in vitro conditions. There have been a wide variety of diffusion cells designed for in vitro measurement of skin permeation. These cells have generally been designed in one of two ways: side-by-side (bichambers) and vertical in vivo mimic ...
openaire   +2 more sources

A Random Walk Model of Skin Permeation

Risk Analysis, 2002
A new mathematical model for permeability of chemicals in aqueous vehicle through skin is presented. The rationale for this model is to represent diffusion by its fundamental molecular mechanism, i.e., random thermal motion. Diffusion is modeled as a two‐dimensional random walk through the biphasic (lipid and corneocyte) stratum corneum (SC).
openaire   +3 more sources

Transdermal permeation of neutral molecules by skin electroporation

Journal of Controlled Release, 1998
Electroporation of skin has recently been shown to enhance transport of charged molecules across skin by up to four orders of magnitude. This study demonstrates that high-voltage pulses can also increase transdermal permeation of two neutral model solutes, i.e. mannitol and water, up to 100-fold.
Véronique Préat, Rita Vanbever, Marie-Ange Leroy   +2 more
openaire   +3 more sources

SKIN PERMEATION ENHANCEMENT BY FATTY ACIDS

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 1999
Abstract The present study elucidates the skin permeation enhancement effects of a number of fatty acids, i.e. straight-chain saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated acids (PUFA). The effects were studied using human stratum corneum (SC) and p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) as a model permeant.
Hans E. Junginger, Hanafi Tanojo
openaire   +2 more sources

Skin Morphology and Permeation Pathway Through the Skin

2017
A thorough understanding of skin morphology is essential before discussing skin penetration/permeation by chemical compounds. As explained in many textbooks, skin is made up of the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis (or subcutis), which is layered under the dermis, as shown in Fig. 1.1.
Kenji Sugibayashi, Kenji Sugibayashi
openaire   +2 more sources

Liposomes as Carriers for Verbascoside: Stability and Skin Permeation Studies

Journal of Liposome Research, 2008
In this study the influence of liposomal incorporation on both the stability and the in vitro (trans) dermal delivery of verbascoside was evaluated. The effect of drug entrapment into vesicles on its radical scavenging activity was also studied. Liposomes were obtained from soy phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol according to the film hydration method.
SINICO, CHIARA, CADDEO, CARLA, VALENTI, DONATELLA, FADDA, ANNA MARIA, Bilia AR, Vincieri FF   +5 more
openaire   +6 more sources

Permeation of Chemicals Through the Skin

1986
An overall risk/benefit analysis relative to the use of chemical protective clothing for protection from potentially harmful chemicals must ultimately consider the barrier effectiveness of the skin to the chemicals in question. For example, there may be cases in which some permeation of chemical through the clothing is tolerable if the skin itself is ...
openaire   +2 more sources