Results 141 to 150 of about 760,919 (298)
Provision of Social Goods and Soft Budget Constraints [PDF]
Firms in socialist and transitional economies are often obliged to provide a social good in addition to a private good, which makes it difficult for a government to commit not to bail out the firm once it is in financial trouble.
Lars-Hendrik Roeller, Zhentang Zhang
core
Advanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.Auxeticity‑by‑Assembly converts freeform photovoltaics from cut‑defined layouts to assembly‑defined systems. Standardized interlocking units generate negative‑Poisson‑ratio, reconfigurable architectures, while hinge regions are wired by selectively activatable AgNW–GO@EGaIn composite interconnects and a folding‑enabled interconnector layer. A decimeter‑
Seok Joon Hwang +15 more
wiley +1 more source
Robust Polymer Hydrogels Improve Electric‐Fish‐Inspired Batteries
Advanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.ABSTRACT Electric‐fish‐inspired hydrogel batteries based on ion‐concentration gradients offer an attractive route to soft power sources; however, the poor mechanical properties of existing hydrogels limit device assembly and performance. Here, we report poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate hydrogels that enable ion‐gradient batteries composed of
Nick Zahnd +5 more
wiley +1 more source
An Empirical Approach for Evaluating Soft Budget Constraints [PDF]
In this paper, we develop an empirical framework for detecting the existence and estimating the magnitude of the softness of a budget constraint. The defining feature of a soft budget constraint is a subordinate organization’s expectations of being ...
Dahlberg, Matz, Pettersson-Lidbom, Per
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Advanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.Optoelectronic control of redox‐active polyoxometalate clusters in polymer matrices yields hybrid memristors with switchable volatile and non‐volatile modes, enabling reservoir‐type in‐sensor optical preprocessing and stable multilevel synapses for multimodal neuromorphic computing, including noise‐tolerant audiovisual keyword recognition and hardware ...
Xiangyu Ma +13 more
wiley +1 more source
Learning Typed Entailment Graphs with Global Soft Constraints
Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021 Mohammad Javad Hosseini +6 more
doaj +1 more source
"Soft-Budget Constraints and Local Expenditures" [PDF]
This paper investigates how the soft budget constraint with grants from the central government to local governments tends to exaggerate inefficient local expenditures.
Takero Doi, Toshihiro Ihori
core
Advanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.This work introduces a regionally localized electrolyte (RLE) that spatially separates ether‐ and carbonate‐based functions to stabilize both Li metal and high‐voltage cathodes. An immobilized ether‐rich layer directs Li+ transport, activates LiNO3 locally, and forms a uniform LiF‐rich SEI, enabling lower overpotential, uniform deposition, and long ...
Eunbin Lim +4 more
wiley +1 more source
Soft constraints in nonlinear spectral fitting with regularized lineshape deconvolution. [PDF]
Magn Reson Med, 2013 Zhang Y, Shen J.
europepmc +1 more source
Managing temporal relations [PDF]
Various temporal constraints on the execution of activities are described, and their representation in the scheduling system MAESTRO is discussed. Initial examples are presented using a sample activity described.
Britt, Daniel L. +2 more
core +1 more source