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Knotted Solitons

open access: yes, 2016
The dynamical model on 3+1 dimensional spacetime admitting soliton solutions is discussed. The proposal soliton is localized in the vicinity of a closed contour, which could be linked and/or knotted. The topological charge is Hopf invariant. Some applications in realistic physical systems are indicated.
openaire   +2 more sources

Non-topological solitons and quasi-solitons

open access: yesReports on Progress in Physics
Abstract Solitons in relativistic field theories are not necessarily topologically charged. In particular, non-topological solitons—known as Q-balls—arise naturally in nonlinear field theories endowed with attractive interactions and internal symmetries.
openaire   +3 more sources

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