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Design of toxicokinetic studies

Xenobiotica, 1990
1. Toxicokinetics is defined as pharmacokinetic studies in animals during actual toxicity studies or under conditions mimicking them (species, duration, dose level, etc.). 2. Toxicology studies require toxicokinetics to check whether systemic exposure reflects administered dose.
D A, Smith, M J, Humphrey, C, Charuel
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Designing a research study

The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 2000
There are 10 steps to consider in any research study. These steps can be used to perform a critical appraisal of a published paper, or to design your study in the first place. The use of a simple system such as this can ensure that biases in study design are avoided and that an appropriate study is developed. (1) What is the study hypothesis?
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Designing a Research Study

The Diabetes Educator, 2008
Diabetes educators and advanced-practice nurses in diabetes care often participate in clinical research. The purpose of this article is to provide a broad overview of important decisions in planning a research study. The research process is reviewed, including the conceptual phase, the design and planning phase, the empirical phase, the analytic phase,
Robin, Whittemore, Gail D'Eramo, Melkus
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The Design of Inheritance Studies

Biometrical Journal, 1983
In a study of the inheritance of a quantitative trait in the general population, data are collected from the three‐generational nuclear families of many index cases. The question arises as to the optimal choice of family members to maximise the power of testing a hypothesis of polygenic and environmental effects against an alternative of environmental ...
Simpson, J. M., McGilchrist, C. A.
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Design an Intervention Study

2018
Randomized controlled trials are commonly designed to compare the effectiveness of treatments in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In a clinical trial (intervention study), researchers apply interventions or preventive services to patients and examine outcomes.
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Considerations of Study Design

Nutrition in Clinical Practice, 2007
Research projects attempt to answer specific questions. The particular study design that is selected will depend in large measure on the nature of the question and the time and resources available. There are 5 common categories of clinical questions; they relate to etiology, prognosis, utility of diagnostic tests, efficacy of proposed interventions ...
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Understanding Study Design

PM&R, 2011
Medical studies use several common designs. Correctly naming a study’s design is not just an exercise in terminology but helps readers to evaluate the study’s level of evidence, limitations and biases, and statistical analyses. Analytic studies evaluate the association between a risk factor (eg, intervention, exposure) and the outcome.
Kristin L, Sainani, Rita A, Popat
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Feinstein and study design

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 2002
Dr. Alvan Feinstein saw himself as the father of "clinical epidemiology" in the modern meaning of this term, of this "new intellectual domain of modern medical science." In this role, he saw himself as drawing from his "clinical sophistication" and from "the rigorous scientific demands" to which "clinicians are accustomed," while "public health ...
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Study Design and Preparation

2019
When designing a study there are several important considerations to be taken into account, irrespective of the measurement technology. The most important element is to precisely define the goals of the study. Even though these goals can be quite general, they must be more explicit than just expressing the desire to get to know the system under study ...
Franceschi, P., Yanes, O., Wehrens, R.
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Study Design: The Basics

2007
In biomedical research, meaningful conclusions can only be drawn based on data collected from a valid scientific design using appropriate statistical methods. Therefore, the selection of an appropriate study design is important in order to provide an unbiased and scientific evaluation of the research questions.
Hyun Ja, Lim, Raymond G, Hoffmann
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