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Supercritical Water as a Solvent
Angewandte Chemie - International Edition, 2005AbstractWater is not restricted to moderate temperatures and low pressures, but can exist up to very high temperatures, far above its critical point at 647 K. In this supercritical regime, water can be gradually compressed from gas‐like to liquid‐like densities.
Hermann, Weingärtner +1 more
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Organic Chemical Reactions in Supercritical Water
Chemical Reviews, 1999Water near or above its critical point (374 C, 218 atm) is attracting increased attention as a medium for organic chemistry. Most of this new attention is driven by the search for more green or environmentally benign chemical processes. Using near-critical or supercritical water (SCW) instead of organic solvents in chemical processes offers ...
Phillip E Savage
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Solvation in supercritical water
The Journal of Chemical Physics, 2006Solvation in supercritical water under equilibrium and nonequilibrium conditions is studied via molecular dynamics simulations. The influence of solute charge distributions and solvent density on the solvation structures and dynamics is examined with a diatomic probe solute molecule. It is found that the solvation structure varies dramatically with the
Jinsong, Duan +2 more
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Gasification of cyanobacterial in supercritical water
Environmental Technology, 2014Cyanobacterial collected from eutrophic freshwater lakes constituted intractable waste with a rich algae biomass content. Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) was proposed to treat the cyanobacterial and to produce hydrogen for energy. The H 2 yield reached 2.92 mol/kg at reaction conditions of 500 °C, 30 min and 22 MPa; this yield accounted for 26%
Huiwen, Zhang +3 more
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Valeronitrile Hydrolysis in Supercritical Water
ChemSusChem, 2010AbstractNitriles act as important intermediates for the chemical industry and are accessible on a large scale through hydrocyanation or ammonoxidation. Nitrile hydrolysis yields amides and acids used in various applications. The conventional nitrile hydrolysis process relies on stoichiometric amounts of mineral acid or base which inherently deliver ...
Michael, Sarlea +3 more
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Line of percolation in supercritical water
The Journal of Chemical Physics, 2005The percolation transition of the hydrogen-bonded clusters of molecules is investigated in supercritical water by Monte Carlo computer simulations. Simulations have been performed at four thermodynamic state points located above the supercritical extension of the vapor-liquid coexistence curve on the p-T phase diagram and at four state points located ...
Lívia, Pártay, Pál, Jedlovszky
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Decomposition of aniline in supercritical water
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2002The decomposition of aniline in supercritical water (SCW) was studied. Experiments were performed at various temperatures, pressures, residence times, dosage of oxidant H2O2 and initial aniline concentrations to investigate their effect on the destruction efficiency. Manganous sulfate and ferrous sulfate were screened out during the experiment to study
Xin-Hua, Qi +3 more
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Supercritical Water Oxidation of Sulfide
Environmental Science & Technology, 2003Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) of sulfide wastewater with oxygen as the oxidant was investigated using ammonium sulfide solution as the model waste. The experiments, which were conducted in a bench-scale continuous SCWO installation, indicated that S2- could be completely oxidized to SO4(2-) within the residence time of less than 10 s under the ...
Tao, Wang +3 more
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Simulation of supercritical water and of supercritical aqueous solutions
The Journal of Chemical Physics, 1991Molecular dynamics (MD) calculations have been performed to determine equilibrium structure and properties of systems modeling supercritical (SC) water and SC aqueous solutions at two states near the critical point using the simple point charge (SPC) potential model of Berendsen et al. for water.
P. T. Cummings +4 more
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Chemistry in Supercritical Water
Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 1999Water is a special liquid-and not only under "normal" conditions. Water in the supercritical state (shaded area in the phase diagram) is distinguished by special properties which are wholly at variance with those of normal water. So far these have usually been exploited for the purification of waste water, for example for the complete oxidation of ...
Dirk Bröll +7 more
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