Results 21 to 30 of about 649 (147)

Pinopsin Regulates Melatonin Production and Daily Locomotor Activity: Functional Insights From Gene-Edited Xenopus Tadpoles. [PDF]

J Pineal Res
ABSTRACT Circadian rhythm alignment depends on environmental light detection via opsins. Pinopsin, originally identified in the pineal organ of birds and later in amphibian pineal complex and eyes, may play a role in this process, though its function has not been genetically tested.
Heshami N, Romero RD, de Souza FSJ, Bertolesi GE, McFarlane S.   +4 more
europepmc   +2 more sources

Whole-body endothermy: ancient, homologous and widespread among the ancestors of mammals, birds and crocodylians. [PDF]

Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc, 2022
ABSTRACT The whole‐body (tachymetabolic) endothermy seen in modern birds and mammals is long held to have evolved independently in each group, a reasonable assumption when it was believed that its earliest appearances in birds and mammals arose many millions of years apart.
Grigg G, Nowack J, Bicudo JEPW, Bal NC, Woodward HN, Seymour RS.   +5 more
europepmc   +2 more sources

A new varanopid synapsid from the early Permian of Oklahoma and the evolutionary stasis in this clade [PDF]

Royal Society Open Science, 2019
Varanopids are a basal clade of small- to medium-sized non-therapsid synapsids, whose range extends from the late Pennsylvanian to the late middle Permian, and are found in North America, Russia, Europe and South Africa.
Sigi Maho, Bryan M. Gee, Robert R. Reisz   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

The evolution of muscle spindles. [PDF]

Exp Physiol
Abstract Muscle spindles are stretch‐sensitive mechanoreceptors found in the skeletal muscles of most four‐limbed vertebrates. They are unique amongst sensory receptors in the ability to regulate their sensitivity by contraction of the intrafusal muscle fibres on which the sensory endings lie.
Banks RW, Proske U.
europepmc   +2 more sources

Effects of taphonomic deformation on geometric morphometric analysis of fossils: a study using the dicynodont Diictodon feliceps (Therapsida, Anomodontia) [PDF]

PeerJ, 2020
Taphonomic deformation, the distortion of fossils as a result of geological processes, poses problems for the use of geometric morphometrics in addressing paleobiological questions.
Christian F. Kammerer, Michol Deutsch, Jacqueline K. Lungmus, Kenneth D. Angielczyk   +3 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Computed Tomography elucidates ontogeny within the basal therapsid clade Biarmosuchia [PDF]

PeerJ, 2021
Biarmosuchia is a clade of basal therapsids that includes forms possessing plesiomorphic ‘pelycosaurian’ cranial characters as well as the highly derived Burnetiamorpha which are characterised by cranial pachyostosis and a variety of cranial bosses ...
Aliénor Duhamel, Julien Benoit, Michael Day, Bruce Rubidge, Vincent Fernandez   +4 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Nasal turbinates of the dicynodont Kawingasaurus fossilis and the possible impact of the fossorial habitat on the evolution of endothermy

Journal of Morphology, Volume 284, Issue 9, September 2023., 2023
Neutron tomography of a skull of the burrower Kawingasaurus fossilis (Synapsida, Dicynodontia) revealed a system of turbinal ridges for attachment of respiratory and olfactory turbinates including remains of turbinates in the nasal cavity that strongly resemble the mammalian bauplan.
Michael Laaß, Anders Kaestner
wiley   +1 more source

Evolution of posture in amniotes–Diving into the trabecular architecture of the femoral head

Journal of Evolutionary Biology, Volume 36, Issue 8, Page 1150-1165, August 2023., 2023
We use 3D microanatomical parameters measured at the femoral head to study femoral posture in amniotes. We show that these parameters are not good indicators of femoral posture. Methods of ancestral state reconstruction hold great promise for improving our understanding of the evolution of posture in amniotes.
Jordan Gônet, Michel Laurin, John R. Hutchinson   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Morphology of the temporal skull region in tetrapods: research history, functional explanations, and a new comprehensive classification scheme

Biological Reviews, Volume 96, Issue 5, Page 2229-2257, October 2021., 2021
ABSTRACT The morphology of the temporal region in the tetrapod skull traditionally has been a widely discussed feature of vertebrate anatomy. The evolution of different temporal openings in Amniota (mammals, birds, and reptiles), Lissamphibia (frogs, salamanders, and caecilians), and several extinct tetrapod groups has sparked debates on the ...
Pascal Abel, Ingmar Werneburg
wiley   +1 more source

Image_1_High Blood Flow Into the Femur Indicates Elevated Aerobic Capacity in Synapsids Since the Synapsida-Sauropsida Split.JPEG

, 2021
Varanids are the only non-avian sauropsids that are known to approach the warm-blooded mammals in stamina. Furthermore, a much higher maximum metabolic rate (MMR) gives endotherms (including birds) higher stamina than crocodiles, turtles, and non-varanid
Anneke H. van Heteren (4961704), Philipp L. Knaus (11876411), Jacqueline K. Lungmus (11654762), P. Martin Sander (8119337)   +3 more
core   +1 more source