Results 51 to 60 of about 649 (147)

Review of the tetrapod skull–neck boundary: implications for the evolution of the atlas–axis complex

Biological Reviews, Volume 100, Issue 6, Page 2435-2470, December 2025.
ABSTRACT This review describes variation in modern and fossil occiput–atlas–axis complex anatomy of total group Tetrapoda with the aim of documenting the range of structural variation throughout their evolutionary history to establish grounds for comparison of the complex between tetrapod clades.
Dana E. Korneisel, Hillary C. Maddin
wiley   +1 more source

Re‐evaluation of the Carboniferous tetrapod Asaphestera platyris with comments on the amniote fauna of the Joggins Formation, Canada

Papers in Palaeontology, Volume 11, Issue 6, November/December 2025.
Abstract ‘Microsaurs’ are problematic late Palaeozoic tetrapods that have been grouped with reptiles on the one hand, or regarded as close relatives of amniotes on the other. Early phylogenetic analyses that included broadly sampled tetrapod taxa placed ‘microsaurs’ as close relatives of amniotes. Several recent phylogenetic analyses have, by contrast,
Robert R. Reisz, Sean P. Modesto
wiley   +1 more source

A Reassessment of the Mandibular Anatomy of Dinodontosaurus brevirostris (Synapsida, Dicynodontia) from the Ladinian-Early Carnian Chañares Formation (Northwestern Argentina), and Its Taxonomic and Phylogenetic Significance

, 2022
Two lineages of Kannemeyeriiformes (Synapsida, Dicynodontia) are currently known in the Ladinian-Carnian Chañares Formation (Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin, Argentina): stahleckeriine stahleckeriids, based upon postcrania, and a single non ...
Escobar, Juan Alejandro, Fiorelli, Lucas Ernesto, Desojo, Julia Brenda, Novas, Fernando Emilio, Ezcurra, Martin Daniel, Martinelli, Agustín Guillermo, Von Baczko, Belen   +6 more
core   +1 more source

The oldest caseid synapsid from the Late Pennsylvanian of Kansas, and the evolution of herbivory in terrestrial vertebrates.

PLoS ONE, 2014
The origin and early evolution of amniotes (fully terrestrial vertebrates) led to major changes in the structure and hierarchy of terrestrial ecosystems. The first appearance of herbivores played a pivotal role in this transformation.
Robert R Reisz, Jörg Fröbisch
doaj   +1 more source

Functional morphology and biomechanics of an ontogenetic series of the Triassic cynodont Brasilodon quadrangularis and bite performance in the sister taxon of Mammaliformes

Palaeontology, Volume 68, Issue 5, September/October 2025.
Abstract The Upper Triassic Santa Maria Supersequence in Brazil has yielded numerous cynodont species, including derived probainognathians, which are relevant for understanding the cynodont–mammal transition. One of these cynodonts is Brasilodon quadrangularis, considered to be the sister taxon to Mammaliaformes due to a suite of apomorphic features in
Charles J. Salcido, Pamela G. Gill, Agustín G. Martinelli, James R. G. Rawson, Ian J. Corfe, Marina B. Soares, Heitor Francischini, Cesar L. Schultz, Emily J. Rayfield   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

A new large caseid (Synapsida, Caseasauria) from the Permian of Rodez (France), including a reappraisal of “Casea”rutenaSigogneau-Russell & Russell, 1974

, 2011
Reisz, Robert R., Maddin, Hillary C., Fröbisch, Jörg, Falconnet, Jocelyn (2011): A new large caseid (Synapsida, Caseasauria) from the Permian of Rodez (France), including a reappraisal of "Casea" rutena Sigogneau- Russell & Russell, 1974.
Hillary C. Maddin, Reisz, Robert R., Jörg Fröbisch, Fröbisch, Jörg, Jocelyn Falconnet, Robert R. Reisz, Maddin, Hillary C., Falconnet, Jocelyn   +7 more
core   +1 more source

Cautionary tales on the use of proxies to estimate body size and form of extinct animals

Ecology and Evolution, Volume 14, Issue 9, September 2024.
Reconstructing the body size and form of extinct animals is of vital importance to our understanding of macroevolution and palaeontology. This is often done using anatomical proxies where extinct species are known only from fragmentary remains. However, there are many limitations influencing the selection of proxy taxa that are frequently overlooked ...
Joel H. Gayford, Russell K. Engelman, Phillip C. Sternes, Wayne M. Itano, Mohamad Bazzi, Alberto Collareta, Rodolfo Salas‐Gismondi, Kenshu Shimada   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Body size reductions in nonmammalian eutheriodont therapsids (Synapsida) during the end-Permian mass extinction. [PDF]

PLoS ONE, 2014
The extent to which mass extinctions influence body size evolution in major tetrapod clades is inadequately understood. For example, the 'Lilliput effect,' a common feature of mass extinctions, describes a temporary decrease in body sizes of survivor ...
Adam K Huttenlocker
doaj   +1 more source

Size and shape heterodonty in the early Permian synapsid Mesenosaurus efremovi

Journal of Anatomy, Volume 245, Issue 1, Page 181-196, July 2024.
Here we present the first evidence of functional differentiation in the dentition of an early synapsid, Mesenosaurus efremovi. Mesenosaurus is the first member of this large and successful clade to exhibit a type of dental heterodonty that combines size and morphological (shape) variation of the tooth crowns, including variation and distribution of the
Tea Maho, Sigi Maho, Joseph J. Bevitt, Robert R. Reisz   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

FIG. 4 in A new large caseid (Synapsida, Caseasauria) from the Permian of Rodez (France), including a reappraisal of "Casea" rutena Sigogneau- Russell & Russell, 1974

, 2011
FIG. 4. — "Lumbars" (3), first caudal vertebra and sacral region of the axial skeleton of Ruthenosaurus russellorum n. gen., n. sp. (MNHN.F.MCL-1) in dorsal view. Scale bar: 5 cm.Published as part of Reisz, Robert R., Maddin, Hillary C., Fröbisch, Jörg &
Reisz, Robert R., Fröbisch, Jörg, Maddin, Hillary C., Falconnet, Jocelyn   +3 more
core   +1 more source