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The Pathophysiology of Thyroid Eye Disease
Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology, 2014The pathophysiology of thyroid eye disease (TED) is complex and incompletely understood. Orbital fibroblasts (OFs) seem to be the key effector cells that are responsible for the characteristic soft tissue enlargement seen in TED. They express potentially pathogenic autoantigens, such as thyrotropin receptor and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor. An
Shannon J C, Shan, Raymond S, Douglas
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Glycosaminoglycans in Thyroid Eye Disease
Thyroid, 1998Orbital accumulation of hydrophilic, interstitial glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and subsequent expansion of retrobulbar tissue lead to the clinical manifestation of exophthalmos in patients with thyroid eye disease (TED). In order to analyze whether the alteration of distribution pattern and biochemical composition of GAG and proteoglycans play a role in ...
G, Kahaly, G, Förster, C, Hansen
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Seminars in Ophthalmology, 2003
Thyroid eye disease remains one of the most common orbital abnormalities encountered by ophthalmologists. While the maintenance of thyroid function remains of paramount importance to the patient's health, the appearance of the orbit, including the eyelid position and position of the globe, proptosis, remains of paramount importance to the patient ...
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Thyroid eye disease remains one of the most common orbital abnormalities encountered by ophthalmologists. While the maintenance of thyroid function remains of paramount importance to the patient's health, the appearance of the orbit, including the eyelid position and position of the globe, proptosis, remains of paramount importance to the patient ...
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Current Treatment Options in Neurology, 2000
The treatment of thyroid eye disease is very complex, owing to the varied nature of the symptoms and the variable course of the disease. The first step in treatment should be achieving an euthyroid state or monitoring for the development of hyperthyroidism if the patient is euthyroid at presentation.
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The treatment of thyroid eye disease is very complex, owing to the varied nature of the symptoms and the variable course of the disease. The first step in treatment should be achieving an euthyroid state or monitoring for the development of hyperthyroidism if the patient is euthyroid at presentation.
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Australasian journal of optometry, The, 2017
Thyroid eye disease is a multifactorial autoimmune disease with a spectrum of signs and symptoms. Oftentimes, the diagnosis of thyroid eye disease is straightforward, based upon history and physical examination. The purpose of this review is to assist the eye-care practitioner in staging the severity of thyroid eye disease (mild, moderate-to-severe and
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Thyroid eye disease is a multifactorial autoimmune disease with a spectrum of signs and symptoms. Oftentimes, the diagnosis of thyroid eye disease is straightforward, based upon history and physical examination. The purpose of this review is to assist the eye-care practitioner in staging the severity of thyroid eye disease (mild, moderate-to-severe and
exaly +3 more sources
Immunotherapies for thyroid eye disease
Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes & Obesity, 2019Purpose of review Thyroid eye disease is a complex autoimmune disorder which causes substantial morbidity. It can result in orbital disfigurement, double vision, and visual loss. Consequently, it has a substantial negative effect on quality of life, mental health, and socioeconomic status. Most signs and symptoms of thyroid eye
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Management of thyroid eye disease
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 2002Thyroid eye disease (TED) is the most frequent extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease. In most instances it is mild and non-progressive, but in 3%-5% of cases it is severe. Non-severe TED requires only supportive measures, such as eye ointments, sunglasses and prisms.
BARTALENA, LUIGI +3 more
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Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, 2015
The natural history of thyroid eye disease follows a biphasic course featuring an initial active stage followed by a durable quiescent stage. Reactivation of thyroid eye disease is defined by recurrence of inflammatory signs and symptoms after a period of stability lasting at least 6 months. It is thought to be rare and is poorly studied.
Payal, Patel +2 more
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The natural history of thyroid eye disease follows a biphasic course featuring an initial active stage followed by a durable quiescent stage. Reactivation of thyroid eye disease is defined by recurrence of inflammatory signs and symptoms after a period of stability lasting at least 6 months. It is thought to be rare and is poorly studied.
Payal, Patel +2 more
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Rituximab for Thyroid Eye Disease
Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, 2010To assess the efficacy and safety of rituximab-mediated B-lymphocyte depletion as treatment for thyroid eye disease (TED).Prospective, open-label, interventional clinical trial evaluating 12 patients with TED and Clinical Activity Scores (CAS) (VISA [vision, inflammation, strabismus and appearance/exposure] classification) of 4 or greater followed for ...
Rona Z, Silkiss +3 more
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Phenotypes of Thyroid Eye Disease
Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, 2018Purpose: To describe a new classification system of thyroid eye disease (TED) based on the phenotypic features (clinical and radiologic) of the disease. Methods: Clinical features, photographic, and orbital imaging of TED patients were considered in relation to their natural history
Jimmy M, Uddin +2 more
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