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Token economy for schizophrenia
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2000A token economy is a behavioural therapy technique in which the desired change is achieved by means of tokens administered for the performance of predefined behaviours according to a program. Though token economy programmes were widespread in the 1970s they became largely restricted to wards where long-stay patients from institutions are prepared for ...
T, McMonagle, A, Sultana
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The Politics of a Token Economy
Psychological Reports, 1975Success of a token economy program on a psychiatric ward depends more on interpersonal and institutional politics than on the esoteric fine points of therapy technique, theory, and intention. The more a token economy (or any other behavior modification program) is used as a vehicle for changing the institutional structure of mental hospitals, the more ...
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1988
The essential parts of a token economy include only a few basic components (Kazdin, 1977) that are found in most behavioral interventions in the schools. Token systems include (a) tokens themselves, (b) determination of target behaviors, (c) specification of rules for how tokens are earned or lost, (d) specification of back-up consequences and their ...
T. F. McLaughlin, Randy Lee Williams
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The essential parts of a token economy include only a few basic components (Kazdin, 1977) that are found in most behavioral interventions in the schools. Token systems include (a) tokens themselves, (b) determination of target behaviors, (c) specification of rules for how tokens are earned or lost, (d) specification of back-up consequences and their ...
T. F. McLaughlin, Randy Lee Williams
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On the Effectiveness of Multi-Token Economies
2019 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC), 2019Even though a token economy is the core part of a blockchain-based project, it is still in the early stage of academic exploration. Moreover, recent projects adopt multi-token economies to encourage the participants to stay longer in their economic systems, which are more complicated than single token economies.
Sean Kang, Kideok Cho, Kyle Park
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Using a Token Economy to Teach the Token Economy.
Professional Psychology, 1974John N. Marr +2 more
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Token Economies and Experimental Economics
Journal of Political Economy, 1972The purpose of this note is to extend the discussion begun by Castro and Weingarten (1970) in this Journal on the application of experimental techniques to the study of economic behavior. I report the development of special economic systems for human populations, called token economies, that provide potential laboratories for economic experiments.' The
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1977
The previous chapter detailed programs with psychiatric patients, the mentally retarded, and individuals in classroom settings. While that research illustrates the extensive literature on token economies, it does not convey the breadth of applications.
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The previous chapter detailed programs with psychiatric patients, the mentally retarded, and individuals in classroom settings. While that research illustrates the extensive literature on token economies, it does not convey the breadth of applications.
openaire +1 more source