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A Practical Probabilistic Method to Evaluate Tolerable Step and Touch Voltages
IEEE Power Engineering Review, 1984A simplified probabilistic method to calculate the risk of the human body withstand voltage to be exceeded by step and/or touch voltages appearing during abnormal system fault conditions is presented in this paper. The determination of density probability functions and cumulative distributions are done by using characteristic parameters of well known ...
Wen Wang +3 more
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A new method and instrument for touch and step voltage measurements
IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1994This paper describes a new method and instrument for measuring touch and step voltages near a grounding system, for example in and around a substation. The hardware, software, and testing procedures are an extension of the smart ground multimeter, developed under EPRI sponsorship.
A.P.S. Meliopoulos +2 more
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Step and touch voltages near wind turbine grounding during lightning strokes
International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility - EMC EUROPE, 2012In this paper we analyze the transient step and touch voltage distributions near wind turbine grounding system in case of direct lightning strokes. Two models of the grounding system geometry are considered: the usual conservative model that takes into account only basic grounding electrodes, and integrated model including foundation reinforcement as a
B. Markovski +2 more
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Measurements of touch and step voltages adopting current auxiliary electrodes at reduced distance
IEEE Systems Technical Conference on Industrial and Commercial Power 2005., 2005The measure of the ground resistance in a large grounding network needs placement of current electrodes at a great distance. In urban areas, where buildings' growth is adjacent to a power system, choosing suitable locations for auxiliary electrodes becomes increasingly difficult since rigorous ground resistance measures can impossibly be made.
PARISE, Giuseppe, Mario Lucheroni
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Step and touch voltage – an update for 2004
Australian Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 2005Hazardous step and touch voltages arise in a variety of high voltage electrical installations, and there are a number of different industry publications which publish acceptable step and touch voltage limits. This paper sets out the derivation of step and touch voltage limits based on the work of Dalziel and Biegelmeier and Lee, and AS/NZS 60479.1 ...
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Design of permissible step and touch voltage with SIMULINK and MATLAB guide
2018 26th Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU), 2018In this work, the permissible step and touch voltage are designed in MATLAB SIMULINK. The simulations were carried out in accordance with the IEEE Std 80-2000 standards. The effects of the specific resistance of the material covering the surface, the cleaning time of the short circuit current and the specific resistance of the soil to the permissible ...
Nuroğlu, Fatih Mehmet, Yılmaz, Mehmet
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Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers, 2012
This paper describes the analysis technique of risk voltage around grounding electrode by new touch and step voltage measurement methods. We have analyzed three techniques for risk voltage measurement, such as footprint-electrode method, test-probe method, and simulated-personnel method.
Hyoung-Jun Gil, Hyang-Kon Kim
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This paper describes the analysis technique of risk voltage around grounding electrode by new touch and step voltage measurement methods. We have analyzed three techniques for risk voltage measurement, such as footprint-electrode method, test-probe method, and simulated-personnel method.
Hyoung-Jun Gil, Hyang-Kon Kim
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Conservative measurements of touch and step voltages by auxiliary electrodes at reduced distance
2014 IEEE Industry Application Society Annual Meeting, 2014Protection against electric shock requires grounding systems that must be designed primarily to keep touch voltage and step voltage below a safe value. The measurement of the ground resistance in a large grounding network requires to place current electrodes at adequate distances.
PARISE, Giuseppe +4 more
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TOUCH AND STEP VOLTAGE HAZARD ANALYSIS
This article analyzes the risks associated with electric shock, specifically focusing on the effects of touch and step voltage, which can lead to severe injury or death. Citing international studies, the research confirms that older individuals typically exhibit a body resistance between 1000-2000 Ω, with exposure to 230 V potentially causing dangerousE.S. Safiyev , S.Y. Shikhaliyeva
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Step and Touch Voltage Distributions at GSM Base Station during Direct Lightning Stroke
2008 International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application, 2008One of the tasks of earthing system is to ensure safety for people during various fault conditions. The objective of this paper is to provide knowledge about the actual step and touch voltage distributions in and around a freestanding base station for mobile communications during direct lightning strike into the communication tower.
Renata Markowska +2 more
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