Results 111 to 120 of about 10,474 (302)
Rise in the underground economy creates problems for the policy-makers to formulate economic policies, especially the monetary and fiscal policies. It is found that if there was no tax evasion, budgets balance might have been zero and positive for some ...
Kemal, M. Ali
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Estimation of the Black Economy of Pakistan through the Monetary Approach [PDF]
In the recent years the “black economy” has held immense attraction for academics as well as policy-makers. This is because the presence of the black economy is responsible for distortions in the official estimates of macro-economic variables like income
Qazi Masood Ahmed, Mehnaz Ahmed
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Seismic analysis and design of tunnels within fault ground: A review
Deep Underground Science and Engineering, EarlyView.The research methods of seismic response of tunnels within fault ground, including field investigations, analytical solutions, physical experiments, and numerical simulations, and seismic countermeasures are discussed. The present study examines the shortcomings and limitations of the current research and design, and puts forward proposals for future ...
Xingda Wang +6 more
wiley +1 more source
Taxes and Unmarried Fathers’ Participation in the Underground Economy [PDF]
In this paper we employ data from the Fragile Families and Child Well-Being Study in order to estimate a model of underground labor supply developed by Lemieux et al. (1994).
Lauren M. Rich, Sun-Bin Kim
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Deep Underground Science and Engineering, EarlyView.This study investigated the spatial patterns and development mechanisms of urban underground space (UUS) in Shanghai using underground points of interest data. It revealed distinct development mechanisms between the main city and suburbs, highlighting the need for differentiated UUS planning and policies to optimize underground space resources ...
Chenxiao Ma +3 more
wiley +1 more source
Causes and consequences of underground economy
In this endeavor an attempt has been made to investigate the major causes and factors of influence of the underground economy. Our analysis is based on the study of tax payer behavior and taxation system pattern.
Mara, Eugenia-Ramona
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Dynamic cracking properties and generating conditions of coal under rapid gas release
Deep Underground Science and Engineering, EarlyView.Gas release tests revealed that crack initiation and propagation are jointly controlled by initial crack length, residual strength, and gas release velocity. A new outburst risk coefficient was thus developed from a fracture mechanics perspective, offering a novel predictive approach.
Bing Zhang +6 more
wiley +1 more source
Inflation and Endogenous Growth in Underground Economies [PDF]
The paper examines the effect of inflation on the growth rate in economies with underground, or ”non-market”, sectors. The model incorporates a non-market good into an endogenous growth cash-inadvance economy with human capital.
Max Gillman, Dario Cziráky
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Deep Underground Science and Engineering, EarlyView.This review synthesizes advances in predicting miners' vital signs by integrating environmental monitoring (dust, temperature, and gas) with physiological data. It highlights multi‐source data fusion techniques and early‐warning models for enhanced occupational safety in underground coal mines.
Junji Zhu +4 more
wiley +1 more source
A short note on business cycles of underground output: are they asymmetric? [PDF]
This short note as the first study investigates the symmetry of fluctuations of underground output around trend for four selected Southeast Asian countries, that is, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and Philippines, over the time horizon of 1970-2006.
Yoke-Kee Eng, Chin-Yoong Wong
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