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Nonspecific Effects of Vaccines
JAMA, 2014Vaccination is one of the great public health achievements of the last 100 years.1 The development of vaccination has led to the eradication of smallpox, the reduction of the worldwide incidence of polio by 99%, and the control of measles, with a 74% decline in global measles deaths since 2000.2 With the decline in vaccine-preventable diseases that ...
David, Goldblatt, Elizabeth, Miller
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Vaccine, 2016
The heterologous or non-specific effects (NSEs) of vaccines, at times defined as "off-target effects" suggest that they can affect the immune response to organisms other than their pathogen-specific intended purpose. These NSEs have been the subject of clinical, immunological and epidemiological studies and are increasingly recognized as an important ...
Mitra Saadatian-Elahi +8 more
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The heterologous or non-specific effects (NSEs) of vaccines, at times defined as "off-target effects" suggest that they can affect the immune response to organisms other than their pathogen-specific intended purpose. These NSEs have been the subject of clinical, immunological and epidemiological studies and are increasingly recognized as an important ...
Mitra Saadatian-Elahi +8 more
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On Measures and Models for the Effectiveness of Vaccines and Vaccination Programmes
International Journal of Epidemiology, 1988Smith, Rodrigues and Fine have discussed and linked different measures, models, and study designs for the assessment of vaccines. The present paper responds to a number of issues implicitly raised by these authors. In particular, it is argued that measures and models need to be considered independently, with choice of measure depending on evaluation ...
S, Greenland, R R, Frerichs
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Genetic Effects on Vaccination
1999This chapter discusses genetic effects on vaccination. Genetic control of disease resistance is polygenic and involves quantitative trait loci (QTL), which are additive and dictate the genetic component of variation in individual resistance to infectious disease.
B N, Wilkie, B A, Mallard
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Mathematical Biosciences, 1991
A population with (individually) varying susceptibilities to infection and a vaccine with (individually) varying protective effect are considered. A simple stochastic model is used to illustrate different effects of the vaccine on the spread of the infection.
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A population with (individually) varying susceptibilities to infection and a vaccine with (individually) varying protective effect are considered. A simple stochastic model is used to illustrate different effects of the vaccine on the spread of the infection.
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Nutritional Effects on Vaccination
1999Immune-induced cachetic response is an example of a biological opportunity to develop technologies that ensure improved performance in animal agriculture. We have estimated that reduced performance of immune stimulated animals, whether by exposure to conventional environments or through vaccination, results in more than U.S.
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Repeat vaccination and influenza vaccine effectiveness
The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 2023Benjamin J, Cowling, Shuyi, Zhong
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Vaccines against blowfly strike: The effect of adjuvant type on vaccine effectiveness
International Journal for Parasitology, 1992Vaccination of sheep with a partially purified extract of Lucilia cuprina larvae in some cases resulted in marked reduction of growth in larvae which fed on the sheep. Twelve adjuvants were assessed, in vitro and in vivo, to determine which induced the largest inhibitory effect on larval growth. The Freund's complete adjuvant and Quil A groups produced
I J, East +5 more
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Evaluating Typhoid Vaccine Effectiveness in Travelers' Vaccination
Journal of Travel Medicine, 2015Typhoid fever exists somewhere in the borderlines of the neglected tropical diseases. Its history in Europe and North America, and market for vaccination of travelers, means that typhoid is not entirely in the pharmaceutical public health wilderness. Travel immunization recommendations, however, are based on the results of efficacy trials performed in ...
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