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MEMS-Based AC Voltage Reference
IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2005An ac root-mean-square (RMS) voltage reference based on a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) component is presented. The device stability is investigated in various experiments. A time stability at a level of a few µV/V in 24 h was measured using an accelerometer MEMS component at an operating frequency of 100 kHz.
Pesonen, Nadine +7 more
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A new voltage reference generator for dynamic voltage restorer
2015 IEEE 24th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE), 2015Dynamic voltage restore (DVR) is a well established power device able to compensate voltage disturbances, in especial voltage sags and swells, in the power system. Its main goal is to protect sensitive loads against these disturbances. For this purpose, the precise computation of the DVR compensation voltage reference is a important issue.
Gustavo Medeiros de Souza Azevedo +3 more
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A CMOS voltage reference for ultra low-voltage applications
2005 12th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems, 2005This work describes a CMOS voltage reference using only resistors and transistors working in weak inversion, without any bipolar transistors. The circuit operation is similar to bandgap references, but the voltage reference is given by the threshold voltage of an NMOS transistor. The circuit was implemented in a standard 0.35 mum TSMC CMOS process. The
Luis Henrique de Carvalho Ferreira +1 more
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Using the Pull-In Voltage as Voltage Reference
2001The reproducibility of the pull-in voltage of a single side clamped free-standing beam has been investigated for application as a DC voltage reference. A 2 mm long beam has been fabricated in an epipoly process with, at the tip, poly-poly electrodes extending into the axial direction for electrostatic lateral deflection and a comb-drive operating in ...
E. Cretu +2 more
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Voltage Reference modification
Electronics and Communications, 2013Adaptation algorithm for saturation sensor of the n-p-n vertical output transistor model is proposed. This model algorithm implies convergence measuring natural IC results and complex (output transistor) + (sensor transistor) modeling. Critical model parameters are reveals and necessity of the error model average is proposed due to high non ideal ...
Merejany, P. G., Pavlov, L. N.
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Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1975
Precise sources of e.m.f have existed mainly in three forms: the electrolytic cell, the gas-discharge tube and the avalanche or Zener diode. The paper attempts to place these various voltage-reference devices in historical and technical perspective. The properties of several types of cell are given, followed by a similar treatment of glow-discharge and
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Precise sources of e.m.f have existed mainly in three forms: the electrolytic cell, the gas-discharge tube and the avalanche or Zener diode. The paper attempts to place these various voltage-reference devices in historical and technical perspective. The properties of several types of cell are given, followed by a similar treatment of glow-discharge and
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1972
Many electronic systems need compact, portable voltage regulator and reference elements capable of stable operation over a wide range of environmental conditions. All circuits are, to a greater or lesser extent, sensitive to supply voltage variations. In extreme cases these may cause catastrophic malfunction of the circuit ; more usually the accuracy ...
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Many electronic systems need compact, portable voltage regulator and reference elements capable of stable operation over a wide range of environmental conditions. All circuits are, to a greater or lesser extent, sensitive to supply voltage variations. In extreme cases these may cause catastrophic malfunction of the circuit ; more usually the accuracy ...
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Voltage and current references
2003In A/D and D/A converters the full-scale value is determined by the reference source. A low noise and low temperature coefficient of the output signal of the reference source is very important for high-resolution, high-accuracy converters. A well-known device for stabilizing a reference voltage is a zener diode.
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MEMS based voltage references: Dissertation
2006Voltage references are fundamental building blocks in many instruments like data logging systems, digital multimeters, and calibrators. State-of-the-art DC voltage references are large and expensive Josephson voltage standards, operated at cryogenic temperatures.
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