Results 21 to 30 of about 468 (168)

Parallel duplication and loss of aquaporin‐coding genes during the “out of the sea” transition as potential key drivers of animal terrestrialization

Molecular Ecology, Volume 32, Issue 8, Page 2022-2040, April 2023., 2023
Abstract One of the most important physiological challenges animals had to overcome during terrestrialization (i.e., the transition from sea to land) was water loss, which alters their osmotic and hydric homeostasis. Aquaporins are a superfamily of membrane water transporters heavily involved in osmoregulatory processes.
Gemma I. Martínez‐Redondo, Carolina Simón Guerrero, Leandro Aristide, Pau Balart‐García, Vanina Tonzo, Rosa Fernández   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

What Is an “Arachnid”? Consensus, Consilience, and Confirmation Bias in the Phylogenetics of Chelicerata

Diversity, 2021
The basal phylogeny of Chelicerata is one of the opaquest parts of the animal Tree of Life, defying resolution despite application of thousands of loci and millions of sites.
Prashant P. Sharma, Jesús A. Ballesteros, Carlos E. Santibáñez-López   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

The "elongate chelicera problem": A virtual approach in an extinct pterygotid sea scorpion from a 3D kinematic point of view. [PDF]

Ecol Evol
How pterygotid sea scorpions used their tripartite elongate cheliceres to get prey items close to the mouth region remains a conundrum. We applied four different 3D kinematic settings with regard to insertion and orientation of the cheliceres to examine the most likely way this was realized.
Schmidt M, Melzer RR.
europepmc   +2 more sources

Gradients of Orientation, Composition, and Hydration of Proteins for Efficient Light Collection by the Cornea of the Horseshoe Crab

Advanced Science, Volume 9, Issue 33, November 24, 2022., 2022
Vision is well studied in the Atlantic horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, whose lateral compound eyes are the largest within recent Arthropoda and although they are well understood from a neurophysiological perspective, it is unclear what determines its optical properties.
Oliver Spaeker, Gavin J. Taylor, Bodo D. Wilts, Tomáš Slabý, Mohamed Ashraf Khalil Abdel‐Rahman, Ernesto Scoppola, Clemens N. Z. Schmitt, Michael Sztucki, Jiliang Liu, Luca Bertinetti, Wolfgang Wagermaier, Gerhard Scholtz, Peter Fratzl, Yael Politi   +13 more
wiley   +1 more source

Pictorial Atlas of Fossil and Extant Horseshoe Crabs, With Focus on Xiphosurida

Frontiers in Earth Science, 2020
Horseshoe crabs are an iconic group of extant chelicerates, with a stunning fossil record that extends to at least the Lower Ordovician (~480 million years ago). As such, the group has retained significant biological and palaeontological interest.
Russell D. C. Bicknell, Stephen Pates
doaj   +1 more source

Global warming generates predictable extinctions of warm‐ and cold‐water marine benthic invertebrates via thermal habitat loss

Global Change Biology, Volume 28, Issue 19, Page 5793-5807, October 2022., 2022
We simulated the latitudinal gradient of warming‐driven extinctions as caused solely by Earth’s spherical geometry and temperature. Simulations are consistent with the empirical extinction gradients of fossil marine invertebrates over seven global warming events, with extinction maxima in the tropics and at the poles.
Carl J. Reddin, Martin Aberhan, Nussaïbah B. Raja, Ádám T. Kocsis   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Local olfactory interneurons provide the basis for neurochemical regionalization of olfactory glomeruli in crustaceans

Journal of Comparative Neurology, Volume 530, Issue 9, Page 1399-1422, June 2022., 2022
Central olfactory pathway in the brain of the hermit crabs Pagurus bernhardus and Coenobita clypeatus: summary of glomerular structure and neurochemistry. Abstract The primary olfactory centers of metazoans as diverse as arthropods and mammals consist of an array of fields of dense synaptic neuropil, the olfactory glomeruli.
Steffen Harzsch, Heinrich Dircksen, Bill S. Hansson   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

The biology and evolution of spider venoms

Biological Reviews, Volume 97, Issue 1, Page 163-178, February 2022., 2022
ABSTRACT Spiders are diverse, predatory arthropods that have inhabited Earth for around 400 million years. They are well known for their complex venom systems that are used to overpower their prey. Spider venoms contain many proteins and peptides with highly specific and potent activities suitable for biomedical or agrochemical applications, but the ...
Tim Lüddecke, Volker Herzig, Björn M. von Reumont, Andreas Vilcinskas   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Biomolecules of the Horseshoe Crab’s Hemolymph: Components of an Ancient Defensive Mechanism and Its Impact on the Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Industry

Cellular Microbiology, Volume 2022, Issue 1, 2022., 2022
Without adaptive immunity, invertebrates have evolved innate immune systems that react to antigens on the surfaces of pathogens. These defense mechanisms are included in horseshoe crab hemocytes’ cellular responses to pathogens. Secretory granules, large (L) and small (S), are found on hemocytes.
Md. Ashrafuzzaman, Mamudul Hasan Razu, Nazmir-Nur Showva, Tohmina Afroze Bondhon, Md. Moniruzzaman, Sad Al Rezwan Rahman, Md. Raisul Islam Rabby, Fatema Akter, Mala Khan, Jayaprakash Kolla   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source

The visual pathway in sea spiders (Pycnogonida) displays a simple serial layout with similarities to the median eye pathway in horseshoe crabs

BMC Biology, 2022
Background Phylogenomic studies over the past two decades have consolidated the major branches of the arthropod tree of life. However, especially within the Chelicerata (spiders, scorpions, and kin), interrelationships of the constituent taxa remain ...
Georg Brenneis
doaj   +1 more source