亚热带喀斯特森林的水土保持效益研究——以贵州茂兰国家级自然保护区为例
茂兰喀斯特森林是亚热带地区幸存下来的一片面积最大 ,分布最集中 ,原生性最强的喀斯特森林。通过一年多时间的连续观测发现 :在 15 93.2 m m的年总降雨量中 ,有 2 0 7.4 mm被林冠截流 ,占 13% ;有 119.1m m为树干径流 ,占 7.5 % ;森林穿透雨为 12 6 6 .7m m,占 79.5 %。枯枝落叶的最大持水率可达 2 35 .6 7% ,岩面苔藓的最大吸水率可达 6 5 0 .35 % ,腐殖土的最大持水率为 6 4 .4 3% ,而钙质土的最大持水率仅为 4 5 .
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Li YR, Zhang CL, Wu Y, Liu R, Meng LJ.
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Zhao Z, Zeng Y.
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目的旨在探讨森林类型转换对森林土壤水文物理参数的影响。方法以亚热带天然常绿阔叶林及由此转换来的天然次生林、米槠(Castanopsis carlesii)人工林和杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)人工林为研究对象,对比分析森林类型转换后对土壤孔隙度、渗透性和土水势等水文物理参数的影响。结果1)林型转换后,土壤总孔隙度在次生林土壤下层20~40 cm显著提高,相比天然林增加5.43%,土水势在旱季杉木人工林中显著提高,与天然林相比增加5.01 kPa,但土壤渗透性无显著变化。2 ...
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