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Autophagosome formation: core machinery and adaptations
Nature Cell Biology, 2007Eukaryotic cells employ autophagy to degrade damaged or obsolete organelles and proteins. Central to this process is the formation of autophagosomes, double-membrane vesicles responsible for delivering cytoplasmic material to lysosomes. In the past decade many autophagy-related genes, ATG, have been identified that are required for selective and/or ...
Zhiping Xie, D. Klionsky
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Phase separation organizes the site of autophagosome formation
Nature, 2020Many biomolecules undergo liquid-liquid phase separation to form liquid-like condensates that mediate diverse cellular functions1,2. Autophagy is able to degrade such condensates using autophagosomes-double-membrane structures that are synthesized de novo at the pre-autophagosomal structure (PAS) in yeast3-5.
Y. Fujioka +10 more
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Autophagosome Formation in Mammalian Cells.
Cell Structure and Function, 2002 Macroautophagy is an intracellular degradation system for the majority of proteins and some organelles. The molecular mechanism of autophagy has been extensively studied using the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, during these past 10 years. These studies suggested that the molecular machinery of autophagosome formation is well conserved from yeast to ...
Noboru Mizushima +2 more
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Vesicular trafficking and autophagosome formation [PDF]
Cell Death and Differentiation, 2009 The source of the autophagosome membrane, and the formation of the autophagosome remain the most important questions for understanding autophagy. Fundamentally, the process of autophagosome formation is similar between yeast and mammalian cells and many of the proteins involved (called the autophagy-related (Atg) proteins) are known, having been first ...
A, Longatti, S A, Tooze
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A molecular switch for selective autophagosome formation [PDF]
Autophagy, 2015 Selective macroautophagy (hereafter autophagy) can eliminate large cytotoxic structures that are designated for degradation by autophagy receptors. In our recent paper, we showed that a key function of target-bound autophagy receptors is to activate the autophagy kinase, Atg1, via interactions with the scaffold protein Atg11.
Roarke A Kamber +2 more
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Autophagosomal Membrane Origin and Formation
2021Autophagosome formation is a regulated membrane remodeling process, which involves the generation of autophagosomal membrane precursors (vesicles), the assembly of the autophagosomal membrane precursors to form the phagophore, and phagophore elongation to complete the autophagosome. The sources of the autophagosomal membrane precursors are endomembrane
Yi, Yang +3 more
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Recycling endosomes contribute to autophagosome formation [PDF]
Autophagy, 2012 Autophagosome formation is a complex cellular process, which requires major membrane rearrangements leading to the creation of a relatively large double-membrane vesicle that directs its contents to the lysosome for degradation. Although various membrane compartments have been identified as sources for autophagosomal membranes, the molecular mechanism ...
Sharon A Tooze
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Autophagosome formation in mammalian cells
Seminars in Immunopathology, 2010Autophagy is a fundamental intracellular trafficking pathway conserved from yeast to mammals. It is generally thought to play a pro-survival role, and it can be up regulated in response to both external and intracellular factors, including amino acid starvation, growth factor withdrawal, low cellular energy levels, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress ...
Chloe, Burman, Nicholas T, Ktistakis
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Mechanisms and regulation of autophagosome formation
Current Opinion in Cell Biology, 2012Autophagy is an intracellular pathway for the bulk degradation of cytoplasmic substances such as cytosol, protein aggregates and organelles. Autophagy is characterized by the formation of double-membrane bound vesicles called autophagosomes, which engulf the cargo and transport it to the vacuole/lysosome for breakdown and recycling. Even though several
Martens, Sascha, Kraft, Claudine
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