Results 41 to 50 of about 3,089 (177)

The Oxygen Release Instrument: Space Mission Reactive Oxygen Species Measurements for Habitability Characterization, Biosignature Preservation Potential Assessment, and Evaluation of Human Health Hazards

Life, 2019
We describe the design of an instrument, the OxR (for Oxygen Release), for the enzymatically specific and non-enzymatic detection and quantification of the reactive oxidant species (ROS), superoxide radicals (O2•−), and peroxides (O22−,
Christos D. Georgiou, Christopher P. McKay, Richard C. Quinn, Electra Kalaitzopoulou, Polyxeni Papadea, Marianna Skipitari   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

The Evolution of Autonomous Systems for Planetary Cave Exploration: A Review

Journal of Field Robotics, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT The exploration of Subsurface Access Points (SAPs), such as lava tubes on the Moon and Mars, has gained significant interest due to their potential as stable environments shielded from surface radiation and temperature extremes. These sites are considered high‐value targets for detecting water and signs of ancient life, and assessing their ...
Sarah Swinton, Daniel Mitchell, Jamie Blanche, Euan McGookin, David Flynn   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Toward a Unified Biosignature for Tuberculosis [PDF]

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 2014
Accurate and rapid diagnosis of active tuberculosis (TB) disease is still hampered by inadequate tools. Although current assays relying on single-marker readouts mostly display inadequate sensitivity and/or specificity, host-related multimarker signatures are especially poorly developed. As a consequence, research programs have been initiated to search
J. Maertzdorf, S. H. E. Kaufmann, J. Weiner   +2 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Exploring Fingerprints of the Extreme Thermoacidophile Metallosphaera sedula Grown on Synthetic Martian Regolith Materials as the Sole Energy Sources

Frontiers in Microbiology, 2017
The biology of metal transforming microorganisms is of a fundamental and applied importance for our understanding of past and present biogeochemical processes on Earth and in the Universe.
Denise Kölbl, Marc Pignitter, Veronika Somoza, Mario P. Schimak, Oliver Strbak, Amir Blazevic, Tetyana Milojevic   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Deciphering Biosignatures in Planetary Contexts [PDF]

Astrobiology, 2019
Microbial life permeates Earth's critical zone and has likely inhabited nearly all our planet's surface and near subsurface since before the beginning of the sedimentary rock record. Given the vast time that Earth has been teeming with life, do astrobiologists truly understand what geological features untouched by biological ...
Chan, Marjorie A., Hinman, Nancy W., Potter-McIntyre, Sally L., Schubert, Keith E., Gillams, Richard J., Awramik, Stanley M., Boston, Penelope J., Bower, Dina M., Des Marais, David J., Farmer, Jack D., Jia, Tony Z., King, Penelope L., Hazen, Robert M., Leveille, Richard J., Papineau, Dominic, Rempfert, Kaitlin R., Sanchez-Roman, Monica, Spear, John R., Southam, Gordon, Stern, Jennifer C., Cleaves, Henderson James   +20 more
openaire   +9 more sources

Biogenic Metal Nanoparticles: A New Approach to Detect Life on Mars?

Life, 2020
Metal nanoparticles (MNPs) have been extensively studied. They can be produced via different methods (physical, chemical, or biogenic), but biogenic synthesis has become more relevant, mainly for being referred by many as eco-friendly and more ...
Marta Filipa Simões, Cristiane Angélica Ottoni, André Antunes   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Using retinal electrophysiology toward precision psychiatry

European Psychiatry, 2022
Precision medicine in psychiatry is based on the identification of homogeneous subgroups of patients with the help of biosignatures—sets of biomarkers—in order to enhance diagnosis, stratification of patients, prognosis, evaluation, and prediction of ...
Thomas Schwitzer, Marion Leboyer, Vincent Laprévote, Valérie Louis Dorr, Raymund Schwan   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

T1‐weighting in Steady‐State FLASH MRI–Diffusion Is Not Only Supportive but Mandatory for the Contrast

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Volume 96, Issue 4, Page 1789-1797, October 2026.
ABSTRACT Purpose FLASH imaging is widely assumed to produce a T1‐weighted steady‐state contrast using RF‐ and gradient‐spoiling. We observed substantial overestimation of CSF signals in simulations, when diffusion was neglected and realistic proton density was applied.
Simon Weinmüller, Deepak Charles Chellapandian, Jonathan Endres, Jochen Leupold, Florian Gritsch, Fabian Wagner, Rainer Schneider, Moritz Zaiss   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping of Kidney Stones: An Ex Vivo MRI Phantom Study

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Volume 96, Issue 4, Page 1846-1859, October 2026.
ABSTRACT Purpose To visualize and characterize the five most common kidney stone types based on their magnetic susceptibilities in MRI using QSM. Methods Three water‐based agar phantoms were constructed, containing a total of 53 ex vivo kidney stones of varying types and sizes.
Lion H. Mücke, Frederik B. Laun, Ruben de Figueiredo Cardoso, Guillaume Flé, Jennifer Lorenz, Alexander Fichte, Michael Uder, Nadine Bayerl, Jannis Hanspach   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Zero‐Shot Self‐Supervised Learning of Single Breath‐Hold Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) Reconstruction

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, Volume 96, Issue 4, Page 1666-1681, October 2026.
ABSTRACT Purpose To investigate the feasibility of zero‐shot self‐supervised learning reconstruction for reducing breath‐hold times in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). Methods Breath‐hold MRCP was acquired from 11 healthy volunteers on 3T scanners using an incoherent k‐space sampling pattern, leading to a 14‐s acquisition time and an
Jinho Kim, Marcel Dominik Nickel, Florian Knoll   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source