Botulinum Neurotoxins: History, Mechanism, and Applications. A Narrative Review
Journal of Neurochemistry, Volume 169, Issue 8, August 2025.Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), produced by Clostridium botulinum, bind irreversibly to presynaptic cholinergic nerve terminals and exploit a zinc‐dependent mechanism to cleave SNARE proteins, blocking acetylcholine release and causing flaccid paralysis.
Arik Monash +3 more
wiley +1 more source
A Check-list of the Spiders of Arkansas [PDF]
, 1985 Collections of spiders were made from 1966, to the present in the six physiographic regions of Arkansas.
Dorris, Peggy Rae
core +2 more sources
Social media filtering of sensationalistic news on spiders—A global overview
People and Nature, Volume 7, Issue 7, Page 1687-1696, July 2025.Abstract The interplay between traditional and social media is a critical aspect of information dissemination. Acting as news filters, social media platforms can amplify the visibility of specific content and shape emotions towards wildlife. Widely feared animals (e.g.
Veronica Nanni +3 more
wiley +1 more source
2FGL J0846.0+2820: A new neutron star binary with a giant secondary and variable $\gamma$-ray emission [PDF]
, 2017 We present optical photometric and spectroscopic observations of the likely stellar counterpart to the unassociated \emph{Fermi}-Large Area Telescope (LAT) $\gamma$-ray source 2FGL J0846.0+2820, selected for study based on positional coincidences of ...
Brodie, Jean P. +13 more
core +3 more sources
Periumbilical Pain with Radiation to Both Legs Following Tarantula Bite; a Case Report
Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine, 2018 Tarantulas have recently become as pets in most parts of the world that increased the probability of encountering emergency physicians with patients hurt with these spiders. Their attacks usually do not cause general manifestation, however there are some
Mahboob Pouraghaei +3 more
doaj +1 more source
Millisecond Pulsars, their Evolution and Applications
, 2017 Millisecond pulsars (MSPs) are short-period pulsars that are distinguished from "normal" pulsars, not only by their short period, but also by their very small spin-down rates and high probability of being in a binary system.
Manchester, R. N.
core +1 more source
Molecular insights into the biogeography and species status of New Zealand's endemic Latrodectus spider species; L. katipo and L. atritus (Araneae, Theridiidae) [PDF]
, 1998 New Zealand's endemic sand dune Latrodectus widow spider species, L. katipo and L. atritus, possess behavioral and physiological attributes likely to promote dispersal over large distances.
Griffiths, J. W. +2 more
core +1 more source
Latrodectus mactans nach Deutschland eingeschleppt (Araneae: Theridiidae)
Arachnologische Mitteilungen, 2009 Latrodectus mactans (Fabricius, 1775) was recorded from Germany. The species was most likely introduced with cargo from Chicago, USA. Characters of the single female are illustrated for future identification.
Jäger, Peter
doaj +1 more source
Reversible Myocarditis Following Black Widow Spider (Latrodectus spp.) Bite in Egypt: A case report. [PDF]
Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J, 2023 Emara AG +3 more
europepmc +1 more source
Insecticidal toxins from black widow spider venom
Toxicon, 2007 The biological effects of Latrodectus spider venom are similar in animals from different phyla, but these symptoms are caused by distinct phylum-specific neurotoxins (collectively called latrotoxins) with molecular masses ranging from 110 to 140 kDa. To date, the venom has been found to contain five insecticidal toxins, termed alpha, beta, gamma, delta
Rohou, A., Nield, J., Ushkaryov, Y.A.
openaire +2 more sources