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The application of AuNPs on the infected barley cultivar had great damage results on Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (BYDV-PAV) particles in TEM. Observation of TEM images provided an insight into the transport of AuNPs through the plasmodesmata endoplasmic reticulum route, where they likely accumulated as the channels narrowed.
Noorah Abdulaziz Othman Alkubaisi+1 more
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Function of WAKs in Regulating Cell Wall Development and Responses to Abiotic Stress [PDF]
Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) are instrumental in regulating plant cell surface sensing and vascular tissue differentiation. Wall-associated kinases (WAKs) are a unique group of RLKs that have been identified as key cell wall integrity (CWI) sensors.
Xiaocui Yao+4 more
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Justyna Karkowska-Kuleta, Abhiram Maddi
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Architecture of the dynamic fungal cell wall
The fungal cell wall is essential for growth and survival, and is a key target for antifungal drugs and the immune system. The cell wall must be robust but flexible, protective and shielding yet porous to nutrients and membrane vesicles and receptive to ...
N. Gow, M. Lenardon
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Cell wall associated immunity in plants
The plant cell wall is the first physical and defensive barrier against pathogens. The plant cell wall usually undergoes dynamic remodeling as an immune response to prevent infection by pathogens.
Jiangxue Wan+6 more
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Acceleration of Aril Cracking by Ethylene in Torreya grandis During Nut Maturation
Torreya grandis ‘Merrillii’ is a famous nut with great nutritional value and high medicinal value. Aril cracking is an important process for seed dispersal, which is also an indicator of seed maturation. However, the cracking mechanism of T. grandis aril
Yadi Gao+15 more
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The Fungal Cell Wall: Candida, Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus Species
The fungal cell wall is located outside the plasma membrane and is the cell compartment that mediates all the relationships of the cell with the environment. It protects the contents of the cell, gives rigidity and defines the cellular structure.
R. Garcia-Rubio+3 more
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The Architecture of the Gram Positive Bacterial Cell Wall
The primary structural component of the bacterial cell wall is peptidoglycan, which is essential for viability and the synthesis of which is the target for crucial antibiotics 1 , 2 .
L. Pasquina-Lemonche+11 more
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Plants are able to generate large leaf surfaces that act as two-dimensional solar panels with a minimum investment in building material, thanks to a hydrostatic skeleton. This requires high intracellular pressures (up to 1 MPa), which depend on the presence of strong cell walls.
Höfte, Herman, Voxeur, Aline
openaire +4 more sources
Microbial colonization on stone monuments leads to subsequent biodeterioration; determining the microbe diversity, compositions, and metabolic capacities is essential for understanding biodeterioration mechanisms and undertaking heritage management. Here,
Yong Zhang+9 more
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