Results 31 to 40 of about 18,335 (296)
Photocycles of Channelrhodopsin‐2 [PDF]
Photochemistry and Photobiology, 2009 AbstractRecent developments have used light‐activated channels or transporters to modulate neuronal activity. One such genetically‐encoded modulator of activity, channelrhodopsin‐2 (ChR2), depolarizes neurons in response to blue light. In this work, we first conducted electrophysiological studies of the photokinetics of hippocampal cells expressing ...
Nikolic, Konstantin +5 more
openaire +4 more sources
Multiple Photocycles of Channelrhodopsin [PDF]
Biophysical Journal, 2005 Two rhodopsins with intrinsic ion conductance have been identified recently in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. They were named "channelrhodopsins" ChR1 and ChR2. Both were expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, and their properties were studied qualitatively by two electrode voltage clamp techniques. ChR1 is specific for H+, whereas ChR2 conducts Na+, K+, Ca2+
Hegemann, Peter +2 more
openaire +4 more sources
Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, 2022 The translocon-unassisted folding process of transmembrane domains of the microbial rhodopsins sensory rhodopsin I (HsSRI) and II (HsSRII), channelrhodopsin II (CrChR2), and bacteriorhodopsin (HsBR) during cell-free expression has been investigated by ...
Kenichi Ataka +5 more
doaj +1 more source
An engineered channelrhodopsin optimized for axon terminal activation and circuit mapping
Communications Biology, 2021 Optogenetic tools such as channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) enable the manipulation and mapping of neural circuits. However, ChR2 variants selectively transported down a neuron’s long-range axonal projections for precise presynaptic activation remain lacking. As
S. Hamada +6 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Channelrhodopsins: From Phototaxis to Optogenetics
Biochemistry (Moscow), 2023 Abstract Channelrhodopsins stand out among other retinal proteins because of their capacity to generate passive ionic currents following photoactivation. Owing to that, channelrhodopsins are widely used in neuroscience and cardiology as instruments for optogenetic manipulation of the activity of excitable cells ...
Elena G, Govorunova +1 more
openaire +2 more sources
Frontiers in Physiology, 2021 Optogenetic defibrillation of hearts expressing light-sensitive cation channels (e.g., ChR2) has been proposed as an alternative to conventional electrotherapy.
Alexander R Ochs +3 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Optogenetics: Background, Methodological Advances and Potential Applications for Cardiovascular Research and Medicine [PDF]
, 2020 Optogenetics is an elegant approach of precisely controlling and monitoring the biological functions of a cell, group of cells, tissues, or organs with high temporal and spatial resolution by using optical system and genetic engineering technologies. The
Joshi, Jyotsna +2 more
core +1 more source
Rectification of the Channelrhodopsin Early Conductance [PDF]
Biophysical Journal, 2011 We analyzed the nonlinear current-voltage relationships of the early conducting state of channelrhodopsin-2 expressed in Xenopus oocytes and human embryonic kidney cells with respect to changes of the electrochemical gradients of H(+), Na(+)/K(+), and Ca(2+)/Mg(2+).
Gradmann, Dietrich +3 more
openaire +3 more sources
The Desensitized Channelrhodopsin‐2 Photointermediate Contains 13 ‐cis, 15 ‐syn Retinal Schiff Base
Angewandte Chemie, 2021 Channelrhodopsin‐2 (ChR2) is a light‐gated cation channel and was used to lay the foundations of optogenetics. Its dark state X‐ray structure has been determined in 2017 for the wild‐type, which is the prototype for all other ChR variants.
Johanna Becker‐Baldus +5 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Extending the Anion Channelrhodopsin-Based Toolbox for Plant Optogenetics
Membranes, 2021 Optogenetics was developed in the field of neuroscience and is most commonly using light-sensitive rhodopsins to control the neural activities. Lately, we have expanded this technique into plant science by co-expression of a chloroplast-targeted β ...
Yang Zhou +5 more
semanticscholar +1 more source