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The animal feed chain in China : opportunities to enhance quality and safety arrangements [PDF]
Duinkerken, G., van +3 more
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Choline chloride in schizophrenia
American Journal of Psychiatry, 1979The authors investigated the possibility that choline chloride might reduce schizophrenic symptoms by increasing central cholinergic activity. In a single blind crossover study, up to 20 g/day of choline chloride had no significant effect on clinical ratings of nine schizophrenic patients.
K L, Davis, L E, Hollister, P A, Berger
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Plasma concentrations of choline in man following choline chloride
Life Sciences, 1978Abstract Plasma choline levels were measured in patients being treated with choline chloride for movement disorders. Following single doses of 5 g given orally in aqueous solution, plasma concentrations rose to a peak within four hours and then rapidly declined. The degree of increase was variable both between and within patients.
L E, Hollister +5 more
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Studies on the Absorption of Choline Chloride * , †
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Scientific ed.), 1953Abstract Two possibilities exist for the metabolism of choline. The present study was undertaken to clarify the manner in which orally ingested choline disappears from the intestine of the rat. It was found that choline disappears from the intestine of the rat at a very constant rate, in a manner suggesting enzymatic absorption. Incubation of choline
C C, RIEDESEL, H M, HINES
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Enhancement of salt intake by choline chloride
Physiology & Behavior, 1994The ingestion of salt (NaCl) in most societies far exceeds levels that are considered necessary and safe. To reduce salt intake, a rat model of salt taste acceptance was created to identify novel, more palatable salt substitutes/enhancers. To induce salt craving, male Sprague-Dawley rats were placed on a low-salt diet and injected weekly (SC) with ...
K W, Locke, S, Fielding
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The Gravimetric Determination of Choline Chloride and Choline Citrate
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Scientific ed.), 1950A gravimetric method for choline chloride and choline citrate utilizing ammonium reineckate as an analytical reagent. The choline salts are precipitated as choline reineckate in aqueous solution, filtered off, dried, and weighed. The data collected indicate that the method has a standard deviation of less than 0.2 per cent and that it is reliable and ...
R.E. Pankratz, F.J. Bandelin
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Hydration and ion association of aqueous choline chloride and chlorocholine chloride
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2019Choline hydration occurs predominantly via its hydroxyl group, and weak contact ion pair formation with Cl− is via the onium moiety.
Saadia Shaukat +5 more
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Effect of Calcium Chloride on Choline Esterase
Nature, 1953THE effect of salts on choline esterase activity has been studied by a number of investigators1–13. The results may be summarized as follows : (1) True choline esterase : salts with univalent or divalent cations inhibit at low concentrations of acetylcholine, whereas these salts activate at high concentrations of acetylcholine ; the optimum substrate ...
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