Results 71 to 80 of about 1,914 (161)

Decoding non-human mammalian adaptive signatures of 2.3.4.4b H5N1 to assess its human adaptive potential

Microbiology Spectrum
The 2.3.4.4b clade highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 infected diverse non-human mammalian species, gained mammal-to-mammal transmission potential, and caused sporadic human infections.
Ranjana Nataraj, Avinash Karkada Ashok, Ayushi Amin Dey, Sannula Kesavardhana   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Pigs are highly susceptible to but do not transmit mink-derived highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b

Emerging Microbes and Infections
Rapid evolution of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) is driven by antigenic drift but also by reassortment, which might result in robust replication in and transmission to mammals.
Taeyong Kwon, Jessie D. Trujillo, Mariano Carossino, Eu Lim Lyoo, Chester D. McDowell, Konner Cool, Franco S. Matias-Ferreyra, Trushar Jeevan, Igor Morozov, Natasha N. Gaudreault, Udeni B.R. Balasuriya, Richard J. Webby, Nikolaus Osterrieder, Juergen A. Richt   +13 more
doaj   +1 more source

Longitudinal Surveillance of Influenza A Virus Exposure in Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) in Spain (2015–2023): Serologic and Virologic Evidence of Subtype Infections and H5N1 Spillover Risk

Zoonoses and Public Health, Volume 73, Issue 3, Page 191-204, May 2026.
ABSTRACT Introduction Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are responsible for respiratory infections in a wide range of species, including birds, swine and humans. The role of wild boar (Sus scrofa) in IAV epidemiology remains underexplored. Here, we present a longitudinal serologic and virologic surveillance study of wild boars in Spain from 2015 to 2023 ...
Paloma Encinas, Aitor Nogales, Estela Escribano‐Romero, M. Ángeles Martín del Burgo, Jorge Ramón López‐Olvera, José Enrique Granados, Gregorio Mentaberre, Adolfo García‐Sastre, Gustavo del Real   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Genomic signatures and host adaptation of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b: A call for global surveillance and multi-target antiviral strategies

Current Research in Microbial Sciences
The recent report of the first fatality associated with infection by influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b, identified as genotype D1.1, which is distinct from the B3.13 genotype, has sparked fears of a potential human pandemic.
Guangxu Zhang, Yuren Shi, Haoyu Ge, Yuanzhou Wang, Lu Lu, Shibo Jiang, Qian Wang   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Meeting Report: Fourth Correlates of Protection for Next Generation Influenza Vaccines

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Volume 20, Issue 4, April 2026.
ABSTRACT Background This report summarizes the discussions and conclusions from the fourth “Correlates of Protection for Next Generation Influenza Vaccines” meeting, which took place in Vienna, Austria, from October 15, 2025, to October 17, 2025. Conclusion Discussions on influenza virus correlates of protection built on prior meetings, with particular
Alina Tscherne, Rebecca Jane Cox, Florian Krammer, Anders Bonnevie   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

An mRNA vaccine candidate encoding H5HA clade 2.3.4.4b protects mice from clade 2.3.2.1a virus infection

npj Vaccines
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 viruses from different clades have been circulating globally, threatening wild/domestic birds and mammals. Given frequent spillovers and high mortality among mammals, coupled with our inability to predict which clade of H5 virus has pandemic potential, cross-clade protective HPAI H5 vaccines are urgently ...
Shiho Chiba, Maki Kiso, Shinya Yamada, Kazuhiko Someya, Yoshikuni Onodera, Aya Yamaguchi, Satoko Matsunaga, Ryuta Uraki, Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto, Seiya Yamayoshi, Fumihiko Takeshita, Yoshihiro Kawaoka   +11 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Evolution of H5N1 Cross‐Species Transmission: Adaptive Mutations Driving Avian‐to‐Human Infection

Advanced Genetics, Volume 7, Issue 1, March 2026.
This review synthesizes current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underpinning H5N1's host adaptation, focusing on key mutations in viral proteins. Critical mutations are discussed in detail, highlighting their roles in altering receptor specificity, promoting antiviral resistance, and expanding viral tropism. The review underscores the urgent need
Wenxin Man, Lin Du, Ying Liu, Zehan Pang, Hongyan Zhu, Bixia Hong, Zhichao Xu, Huahao Fan   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Cost of migration increased during an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus

Journal of Avian Biology, Volume 2026, Issue 2, March 2026.
Migration is thought to be costly such that challenges faced during migration likely affect how birds migrate through direct selection on migratory behavior. Survival throughout the annual cycle and conditions that affect the survival costs of migration are therefore critical to our understanding of the causes and consequences of migration.
Neil Paprocki, Jeff Kidd, Courtney J. Conway   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Outcome of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b virus infection in calves and lactating cows

Summary In March 2024, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 infections in dairy cows were first reported from Texas, USA. Rapid dissemination to more than 190 farms in 13 states followed. Here, we provide results of two independent clade 2.3.4.4b experimental infection studies evaluating
Nico Joel Halwe, Konner Cool, Angele Breithaupt, Jacob Schön, Jessie D. Trujillo, Mohammed Nooruzzaman, Taeyong Kwon, Ann Kathrin Ahrens, Tobias Britzke, Chester D. McDowell, Ronja Piesche, Gagandeep Singh, Vinicius Pinho dos Reis, Sujan Kafle, Anne Pohlmann, Natasha N. Gaudreault, Björn Corleis, Franco Matias Ferreyra, Mariano Carossino, Udeni B.R. Balasuriya, Lisa Hensley, Igor Morozov, Lina M. Covaleda, Diego Diel, Lorenz Ulrich, Donata Hoffmann, Martin Beer, Juergen A. Richt   +27 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Genotype B3.13 influenza A(H5N1) viruses isolated from dairy cattle demonstrate high virulence in laboratory models, but retain avian virus-like properties

Nature Communications
In March 2024, clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses were first detected in U.S. dairy cattle. Similar viruses have since caused 70 zoonotic human infections.
Thomas P. Fabrizio, Ahmed Kandeil, Walter N. Harrington, Jeremy C. Jones, Trushar Jeevan, Konstantin Andreev, Patrick Seiler, Jonathan Fogo, Morgan L. Davis, Jeri Carol Crumpton, John Franks, Jennifer DeBeauchamp, Peter Vogel, C. Scanlon Daniels, Rebecca L. Poulson, Andrew S. Bowman, Elena A. Govorkova, Richard J. Webby   +17 more
doaj   +1 more source