Results 261 to 270 of about 6,660,518 (292)
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The Longshot Bias is a Context Effect
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022In nearly every betting market, gamblers overvalue the riskiest bets. This “longshot bias” is usually explained by a tendency to overweight low-probability events. We offer a novel explanation: contrast effects enhance the attractiveness of longshots because gambles presented in terms of their payoffs are easier to compare along the payoff dimension ...
Andrew Meyer, Sean Hundtofte
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Information Knowledge Systems Management, 2011
Complexity should be at the heart of any viable theory of causation. Without it, we cannot give a sensible account of the importance of context. With many causal factors in play, jointly producing an effect, we come to understand the context-sensitive nature of causation.
Stephen Mumford, Rani Lill Anjum
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Complexity should be at the heart of any viable theory of causation. Without it, we cannot give a sensible account of the importance of context. With many causal factors in play, jointly producing an effect, we come to understand the context-sensitive nature of causation.
Stephen Mumford, Rani Lill Anjum
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Context effects on familiarity are familiarity effects of context — An electrophysiological study
International Journal of Psychophysiology, 2007Within dual-process accounts of recognition memory, familiarity (as opposed to recollection) is often referred to as a rather automatic and context-free process. Thus, in episodic object recognition, familiarity and its electrophysiological ERP signature are supposed to index prior occurrence of an object independent of the context the object was ...
Ullrich K H, Ecker +3 more
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The Context of Context Effects
Applied Measurement in Education, 1992The principal purpose of this article is to provide a conceptual framework and heuristic model for considering the existence, magnitude, and consequences of context effects. This purpose is addressed through an extension of some concepts in generalizability theory.
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Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 2000
This article investigates how the activation of a specific exemplar influences the direction and the size of context effects on evaluative judgments about other specific exemplars or about a superordinate category. The activation of an untrustworthy politician decreased judgments of trustworthiness of politicians in general but increased judgments of ...
Bless, H. +3 more
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This article investigates how the activation of a specific exemplar influences the direction and the size of context effects on evaluative judgments about other specific exemplars or about a superordinate category. The activation of an untrustworthy politician decreased judgments of trustworthiness of politicians in general but increased judgments of ...
Bless, H. +3 more
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Context Effects in Memory for Routes
2003When people experience a new environment they first develop landmark knowledge and second route knowledge. Route knowledge is thought to be different from survey knowledge which may develop with additional experience. The present paper describes three experiments in which participants learned a route through (1) a real maze, (2) a virtual maze, or (3 ...
Karl Friedrich Wender +3 more
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Context Effects and Context Maps for Positioning
International Journal of Market Research, 2006Context effects refer to changes in consumer preference and choice responses when a new alternative is added to a choice set. This paper proposes a general scheme for classifying various context effects using newly defined share-ratio measures (SRM) and share-change measures (SCM).
Minhi Hahn +3 more
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Context effects as auditory contrast
Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 2014Three experiments are reported that collectively show that listeners perceive speech sounds as contrasting auditorily with neighboring sounds. Experiment 1 replicates the well-established finding that listeners categorize more of a [d-g] continuum as [g] after [l] than after [r]. Experiments 2 and 3 show that listeners discriminate stimuli in which the
John, Kingston +5 more
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Evaluation & the Health Professions, 2003
This article provides an analysis of the way in which placebo effects could be investigated and taken into account, supported by a description of some of the major articles that have been published on this topic. Based on conceptual, theoretical, and methodological issues, the authors highlight some of the reasons for current controversies regarding ...
Zelda, Di Blasi, Jos, Kleijnen
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This article provides an analysis of the way in which placebo effects could be investigated and taken into account, supported by a description of some of the major articles that have been published on this topic. Based on conceptual, theoretical, and methodological issues, the authors highlight some of the reasons for current controversies regarding ...
Zelda, Di Blasi, Jos, Kleijnen
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Context-Aware Effective Communications
2021 55th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems, and Computers, 2021We investigate the effective communications problem, in which the goal of the transmitter is to impact the actions of the receiver over a time frame in order to maximize the prescribed reward function. This problem is formulated as a multi-agent partially-observable Markov decision process (MA-POMDP), where one agent can communicate to the other ...
Tung T. -Y., Kobus S., Gunduz D.
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