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Engineering mRNA‐LNP Medicines for the Ageing Brain: Opportunities and Challenges for Neurodegenerative Diseases

Exploration, EarlyView.
This review highlights recent advances in engineering messenger RNA (mRNA)‐lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to cross the ageing blood–brain barrier and target neurodegenerative diseases. It outlines design principles, delivery routes, and translational challenges, charting a roadmap towards clinical application of mRNA‐LNP therapeutics for neurodegenerative ...
Abdel Ali Belaidi, Denzil L. Furtado, Francesca Alves, Rebecca M. Nisbet, Scott Ayton, Ashley I. Bush   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

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Coronary flow reserve

American Heart Journal, 1991
The ability of the coronary circulation to autoregulate is essential for the heart to respond to metabolic demands. Several alterations in function may limit maximal coronary perfusion including atherosclerosis, structural abnormalities of small coronary vessels, extravascular compressive forces, thrombosis, abnormal endothelial regulatory function ...
A J, Bradley, J S, Alpert
openaire   +2 more sources

Coronary Fractional Flow Reserve

American Journal of Roentgenology, 2015
OBJECTIVE. This article presents the basic definitions and concepts of fractional flow reserve (FFR), a focused understanding of the need for hyperemia during assessment, key clinical studies supporting its use, and an introduction to newer noninvasive methods using FFR CT. CONCLUSION.
Ronney S, Shantouf, Anil, Mehra
openaire   +2 more sources

Coronary flow reserve and coronary occlusive disease

Transplant International, 1992
The functional effects of coronary occlusive disease (COD) in cardiac transplant patients on small-resistance coronary vessels are unclear. We investigated the changes in coronary flow reserve (CFR) in response to the non-specific smooth muscle vasodilator papaverine.
P A, Mullins, J P, Scott, D J, Aravot, C, Dennis, S R, Large, J, Wallwork, P M, Schofield   +6 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Is Discordance of Coronary Flow Reserve and Fractional Flow Reserve Due to Methodology or Clinically Relevant Coronary Pathophysiology?

JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging, 2012
The purpose of this study was to determine whether observed discordance between coronary flow reserve (CFR) and fractional flow reserve (FFR) is due to methodology or reflects basic coronary pathophysiology.Despite the clinical importance of coronary physiological assessment, relationships between its 2 most common tools, CFR and FFR, remain poorly ...
Nils P Johnson, Kenneth Lance Gould
exaly   +3 more sources

Coronary flow and flow reserve in children

Acta Paediatrica, 2004
Aortic blood pressure affects coronary blood flow, but within the normal physiological blood pressure range coronary blood flow is constant. The coronary flow is pulsatile, being maximal in the early diastole. There is a smaller systolic flow component. The low systolic pressure in the right ventricle favours systolic flow.
openaire   +2 more sources

Problems of Coronary Flow Reserve

Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2000
Coronary flow reserve is used to aid understanding why myocardial oxygen consumption may fail to meet demand. Its general aspects are well known, but the problems of using it are not. This manuscript describes three important factors that need to be considered when assessing coronary flow reserve.
openaire   +2 more sources

Coronary flow reserve is impaired in patients with slow coronary flow

Atherosclerosis, 2007
Slow coronary flow (SCF) in a normal coronary angiogram is a well-recognized clinical entity, but its etiopathogenesis remains unclear. However, previous studies have suggested that microvascular abnormalities and endothelial dysfunction responsible for SCF.
Dogan, Erdogan, Mustafa, Caliskan, Hakan, Gullu, Alpay Turan, Sezgin, Aylin, Yildirir, Haldun, Muderrisoglu   +5 more
openaire   +2 more sources

The Concept of Coronary Flow Reserve

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 1992
Coronary reserve has been defined as the ratio of coronary resistance under control (rest) conditions and of coronary resistance after maximal coronary vasodilation. The latter can be achieved by various interventions, the most important and clinically relevant example being intravenous administration of dipyridamole at 0.5 mg/kg of body weight.
openaire   +2 more sources

Coronary flow reserve measurements in hypertension

Medical Clinics of North America, 2004
Taken together, the diagnostic algorithm is leaded by a simple ECG stress test. In case of ST-segment depression the preferred image test should be stress ECG to bring patients at high risk for significant epicardial coronary artery stenosis to coronary angiography (and revascularization). In case of the lack of wall motion abnormalities (during stress-
Malte, Kelm, Bodo E, Strauer
openaire   +2 more sources