Results 51 to 60 of about 168,761 (284)

Causal Reinforcement Learning for Knowledge Graph Reasoning

Applied Sciences
Knowledge graph reasoning can deduce new facts and relationships, which is an important research direction of knowledge graphs. Most of the existing methods are based on end-to-end reasoning which cannot effectively use the knowledge graph, so ...
Dezhi Li, Yunjun Lu, Jianping Wu, Wenlu Zhou, Guangjun Zeng   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Foreign capital, forest change and regulatory compliance in Congo Basin forests

Environmental Research Letters, 2014
Tropical forest change is driven by demand in distant markets. Equally, investments in tropical forest landscapes by capital originating from distant emerging economies are on the rise.
Jodi S Brandt, Christoph Nolte, Jessica Steinberg, Arun Agrawal   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Explaining Machine Learning Classifiers through Diverse Counterfactual Explanations

, 2019
Post-hoc explanations of machine learning models are crucial for people to understand and act on algorithmic predictions. An intriguing class of explanations is through counterfactuals, hypothetical examples that show people how to obtain a different ...
Dai Wuyang, Kim Been, Kingma Diederik P, Lundberg Scott M, Tan S   +4 more
core   +1 more source

Adapting to Changing Rainfall and Developing Off‐Farm Employment: Implications for the Adoption of Direct Seeding in Rice Production

Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Rice is the main staple food for more than half of the world's population and the income from rice is an essential source for livelihoods of millions of households. We examine whether direct seed in rice production is an adaptation of rice farmers to rainfall changes and farm labor scarcity.
Manh Hung Do
wiley   +1 more source

Explaining Data-Driven Decisions made by AI Systems: The Counterfactual Approach

, 2021
We examine counterfactual explanations for explaining the decisions made by model-based AI systems. The counterfactual approach we consider defines an explanation as a set of the system's data inputs that causally drives the decision (i.e., changing the ...
Fernández-Loría, Carlos, Han, Xintian, Provost, Foster   +2 more
core  

Temperature Sensitivity and Adaptation of Cereal Yields: Empirical Evidence From Italy

Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT This paper investigates the evolving temperature sensitivity and climate adaptation of cereal yields in Italy from 1952 to 2023, using province‐level data for maize, common wheat, and durum wheat. Employing panel data econometric methods, we estimate yield responses to heat exposure, changes in sensitivity over time, and adaptation to climate ...
Paolo Nota, Giacomo Coughlan, Alessandro Olper   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Do Tax Incentives for Farmland Leases Increase Farm Supply? Evidence From Iowa's Beginning Farmer Tax Credit

Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT In recent decades, agriculture has become increasingly concentrated through horizontal mergers and acquisitions via corporate entities, and policy makers are concerned this will be exacerbated by the aging population of farm operators. To reduce market concentration in agriculture, many states have enacted policies to entice new prospective ...
Justin M. Ross, Wesley M. Zebrowski, Julia C. D. Valliant   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

For the sake of curiosity: Humans but not capuchins (Sapajus apella) collect counterfactual information on a computerized gambling task [PDF]

Animal Behavior and Cognition
Counterfactuals are alternative outcomes to past events. Curiosity for the counterfactual acts as an important driver of learning under uncertainty and helps to improve on past behaviors by informing future choices. Humans have demonstrated the desire to
Elizabeth L. Haseltine, Michael J. Beran
doaj   +1 more source

Volcanic Risk Mitigation that Could Have Been Derailed but Wasn’t: Pinatubo, Philippines 1991

Frontiers in Earth Science, 2021
This is the story of a successful risk mitigation effort at Mount Pinatubo in 1991 that could easily have failed. The counterfactuals are the myriad of ways that the effort could have failed but didn’t.
Chris Newhall
doaj   +1 more source

Simulating Counterfactuals

Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research
Counterfactual inference considers a hypothetical intervention in a parallel world that shares some evidence with the factual world. If the evidence specifies a conditional distribution on a manifold, counterfactuals may be analytically intractable. We present an algorithm for simulating values from a counterfactual distribution where conditions can be
Karvanen Juha, Vihola Matti, Tikka Santtu   +2 more
openaire   +3 more sources