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Artificial Intelligence, 1986 The paper investigates properties of a non-standard implication \(>\) and its applications in Artificial Intelligence. Statements of the form \(p>q\) are called counterfactuals. Their interpretation does not necessarily coincide with the classic interpretation of \(p\supset q\) for those models \({\mathcal M}\) which satisfy \(\neg p\).
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Determinism, Counterfactuals, and the Possibility of Time Travel
Philosophies, 2023 The Consequence argument is an argument from plausible premises–our lack of causal power over the laws and past–to an implausible conclusion: that if determinism is true, we are equally powerless with respect to the future.
Kadri Vihvelin
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Counterfactual computation [PDF]
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2001 Suppose that we are given a quantum computer programmed ready to perform a computation if it is switched on. Counterfactual computation is a process by which the result of the computation may be learnt without actually running the computer. Such processes are possible within quantum physics and to achieve this effect, a computer embodying the ...
Mitchison, Graeme, Jozsa, Richard
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Consistent Quantum Counterfactuals [PDF]
, 1999 An analysis using classical stochastic processes is used to construct a consistent system of quantum counterfactual reasoning. When applied to a counterfactual version of Hardy's paradox, it shows that the probabilistic character of quantum reasoning ...
B. d’Espagnat +18 more
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Philosophies, 2023 In this paper, I argue that David Lewis’s possible world semantics for counterfactual discourse and for fictional discourse are apparently inconsistent and in need of revision.
Andrew D. Bassford
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Frontiers in Psychology, 2018 A growing body of research suggests that counterfactual thinking after traumatic events is associated with post-traumatic stress reactions. In this study we explored frequency of upward and downward counterfactuals in trauma-exposed individuals, and how ...
Ines Blix +4 more
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Frontiers in Earth Science, 2022 How to recognise potential disasters is a question at the centre of risk analysis. Over-reliance on an incomplete, often epistemologically-biased, historical record, and a focus on quantified and quantifiable risks, have contributed to unanticipated ...
Camilla Penney +5 more
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Back to the Present: How Not to Use Counterfactuals to Explain Causal Asymmetry
Philosophies, 2022 A plausible thought is that we should evaluate counterfactuals in the actual world by holding the present ‘fixed’; the state of the counterfactual world at the time of the antecedent, outside the area of the antecedent, is required to match that of the ...
Alison Fernandes
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Chances, counterfactuals and similarity [PDF]
, 2008 John Hawthorne in a recent paper takes issue with Lewisian accounts of counterfactuals, when relevant laws of nature are chancy. I respond to his arguments on behalf of the Lewisian, and conclude that while some can be rebutted, the case against the ...
Eagle +13 more
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Counterfactuals of Ontological Dependence [PDF]
, 2020 A great deal has been written about 'would' counterfactuals of causal dependence. Comparatively little has been said regarding 'would' counterfactuals of ontological dependence.
Baron, Sam
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