Results 81 to 90 of about 63,174 (302)
Caudate responses to reward anticipation associated with delay discounting behavior in healthy youth
Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 2014 Background: Choices requiring delay of gratification made during adolescence can have significant impact on life trajectory. Willingness to delay gratification can be measured using delay discounting tasks that require a choice between a smaller ...
Margaret M. Benningfield +6 more
doaj +1 more source
Encoding of Marginal Utility across Time in the Human Brain [PDF]
, 2009 Marginal utility theory prescribes the relationship between the objective property of the magnitude of rewards and their subjective value. Despite its pervasive influence, however, there is remarkably little direct empirical evidence for such a theory of
, +7 more
core +1 more source
Risk‐aware safe reinforcement learning for control of stochastic linear systems
Asian Journal of Control, EarlyView.Abstract This paper presents a risk‐aware safe reinforcement learning (RL) control design for stochastic discrete‐time linear systems. Rather than using a safety certifier to myopically intervene with the RL controller, a risk‐informed safe controller is also learned besides the RL controller, and the RL and safe controllers are combined together ...
Babak Esmaeili +2 more
wiley +1 more source
The hippocampus encodes delay and value information during delay-discounting decision making
eLife, 2020 The hippocampus, a region critical for memory and spatial navigation, has been implicated in delay discounting, the decline in subjective reward value when a delay is imposed.
Akira Masuda +6 more
doaj +1 more source
Individual differences in delay discounting and nicotine self-administration in rats [PDF]
, 2009 Delay discounting—a behavioral measure of impulsivity defined as a tendency to prefer a small, immediate reward over a larger reward delayed in time—has been extensively linked with tobacco smoking.
Sweitzer, Maggie M.
core
The case of muddled units in temporal discounting [PDF]
, 2019 While parameters are crucial components of cognitive models, relatively little importance has been given to their units. We show that this has lead to some parameters to be contaminated, introducing an artifactual correlation between them.
Stewart, Neil, Vincent, Benjamin T.
core +3 more sources
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, EarlyView.Small and mid‐sized pharmaceutical innovators often have limited in‐house health economics and market access expertise, and may struggle to align development strategies of investigational medicinal products with health system needs and payer expectations.
Zoltán Kaló +5 more
wiley +1 more source
Frontiers in PsychiatryDelay discounting, the decline in the subjective value of future rewards over time, has traditionally been understood through a tripartite neural network model, comprising the valuation, cognitive control, and prospection networks.
Songyue Ji, Fan Yang, Xueting Li
doaj +1 more source
Altruism among relatives and non-relatives [PDF]
, 2008 The amount of their own monetary reward that undergraduate participants claimed they were willing to forgo, in order to give $75 to another person, decreased hyperbolically as social distance increased between the participant and the other person ...
Bryan A. Jones, Howard Rachlin
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DIMINISHING MARGINAL VALUE AS DELAY DISCOUNTING [PDF]
Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 1992 The fundamental law underlying economic demand and exchange is the tendency for value of marginal units to diminish with increasing amounts of a commodity. The present paper demonstrates that this law follows from three still‐more‐basic psychological assumptions: (a) limited consumption rate, (b) delay discounting, and (c) choice of highest valued ...
openaire +2 more sources