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Norepinephrine and the dentate gyrus
2007Norepinephrine's role in the dentate gyrus is assessed based on a review of what is known about its innervation and receptor patterns and its functional effects at both cellular and behavioral levels. The data support seven hypotheses: (1) Norepinephrine's functional actions are primarily mediated by beta adrenoceptors and include electrophysiological ...
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Neurotrophins in the dentate gyrus
2007Since the discovery of nerve growth factor (NGF) in the 1950s and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the 1980s, a great deal of evidence has mounted for the roles of neurotrophins (NGF; BDNF; neurotrophin-3, NT-3; and neurotrophin-4/5, NT-4/5) in development, physiology, and pathology.
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An analysis of the dentate gyrus function
Behavioural Brain Research, 2013In this review article the emphasis will be on the role of the DG (dorsal and ventral) in supporting memory based on the operation of specific processes. Based on the development of computational models of dorsal dentate gyrus (dDG) and behavioral evidence based on dysfunction of dDG, this review will show that the dDG mediates mnemonic processing of ...
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Somatostatin in the dentate gyrus
2007The neuropeptide somatostatin (SST) is expressed in a discrete population of interneurons in the dentate gyrus. These interneurons have their soma in the hilus and project to the outer molecular layer onto dendrites of dentate granule cells, adjacent to perforant path input.
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Electrophysiology of dentate gyrus granule cells
Journal of Neurophysiology, 1984The orthodromic synaptic responses, membrane properties, and responses of dentate gyrus granule cells (DGCs) to several convulsant agents were studied in the in vitro hippocampal slice preparation. Orthodromic stimulation via the perforant pathway (PP) evoked excitatory-inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (EPSP-IPSP) sequences in 27 of 34 DGCs studied.
R. A. Fricke, David A. Prince
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On the number of neurons in the dentate gyrus of the rat
Brain Research, 1985We have estimated the number of dentate granule cells in Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats at 1, 4 and 12 months of age. In Sprague-Dawley rats the number of granule cells is relatively constant throughout this period at about 1 million. In Wistar rats, on the other hand, there is a progressive increase in the number from about 700,000 at 1 month to 1 ...
W. Maxwell Cowan +2 more
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The dentate gyrus in Alzheimer's disease
2007As part of the hippocampus, the dentate gyrus is considered to play a crucial role in associative memory. The reviewed data suggest that the dentate gyrus withstands the formation of plaques, tangles and neuronal death until late stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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Adult Neurogenesis in the Dentate Gyrus
2014Adult neurogenesis is a unique form of structural plasticity in the brain. Localized specifically to the dentate gyrus region, new granule cells continue to integrate into the functioning circuit throughout life. Over the last 2 decades, neurogenesis has gone from a controversial side note within the hippocampal community to a process believed to ...
Wei Deng, Fred H. Gage, James B. Aimone
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Role of corticosteroid hormones in the dentate gyrus
2007Dentate granule cells are enriched with receptors for the stress hormone corticosterone, i.e., the high-affinity mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), which is already extensively occupied with low levels of the hormone, and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which is particularly activated after stress.
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