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Journal of Theoretical Biology, 1979
Abstract A new gene for a new purpose may be created by mutation of a pre-existing gene. But if that original gene is still required for its original purpose, and is to be retained side by side with the new, a spare copy is needed initially as raw material for the innovation. Thus in haploids the original gene must be duplicated before it is modified.
J, Lewis, L, Wolpert
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Abstract A new gene for a new purpose may be created by mutation of a pre-existing gene. But if that original gene is still required for its original purpose, and is to be retained side by side with the new, a spare copy is needed initially as raw material for the innovation. Thus in haploids the original gene must be duplicated before it is modified.
J, Lewis, L, Wolpert
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Transition from haploidy to diploidy
Nature, 1991As a direct consequence of sex, organisms undergo a haploid and a diploid stage during their life cycle. Although the relative duration of haploid and diploid phases varies greatly among taxa, the diploid phase is more conspicuous in all higher organisms.
V, Perrot, S, Richerd, M, Valéro
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Genetic Error, Sex, and Diploidy
Journal of Heredity, 1993Mathematical models and experiments on transformation are reported testing the hypothesis that sex and diploidy evolved as a DNA repair system. The models focus on the origin of diploidy and sex by studying selection between asexual haploids, sexual haploids, and diploids.
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Acta Biotheoretica, 1983
Under the influence of deleterious mutation and selection a population will reach equilibrium and contain individuals with [0, 1, 2 - - mutations.] This deterministic equilibrium distribution is exactly the same for asexual and sexual populations. The size of the optimal class (no), i.e. the class with the smallest number of mutations, is determined by
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Under the influence of deleterious mutation and selection a population will reach equilibrium and contain individuals with [0, 1, 2 - - mutations.] This deterministic equilibrium distribution is exactly the same for asexual and sexual populations. The size of the optimal class (no), i.e. the class with the smallest number of mutations, is determined by
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Haploidy or diploidy: which is better?
Nature, 1991Although the evolutionary advantages of sexual reproduction have been extensively discussed, much less attention has been paid to haploid and diploid phases of the sexual life cycle. The relative lengths of these phases differ greatly in various taxa, including as extremes those with one or the other phase reduced to a single cell. Here we consider the
A S, Kondrashov, J F, Crow
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Diploidy for evolving neural networks
Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion, 2018Genetic algorithms and artificial neural networks are two widely-used techniques that can be combined with each other to produce evolved neural networks. Some research has also looked at the use of diploidy in genetic algorithms for possible advantages over the haploid genetic representation usually used, most notably in the form of better adaptation ...
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Sex and diploidy in Armillaria mellea
Experimental Mycology, 1978The life cycle and sexuality of Armillaria mellea are poorly understood. The mating behavior is atypical, and laboratory fruiting is rare. Genetic studies reported herein are based upon monosporous progeny from 27 distinct fruiting bodies and reveal A. mellea as a bifactorial heterothallic fungus.
Robert C. Ullrich, James B. Anderson
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Evidence for diploidy and mating in trypanosomes
Nature, 1980The question of whether any sexual process takes place at some stage of the life cycle of the trypanosome has often been raised and crosses between different drug-resistant strains have provided no convincing answer. Multinucleate forms of trypanosomes have been observed by electron microscopy but their significance and origin remain obscure.
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