Results 81 to 90 of about 287,761 (256)

Early evolution of small body size in Homo floresiensis

Nature Communications
Recent discoveries of Homo floresiensis and H. luzonensis raise questions regarding how extreme body size reduction occurred in some extinct Homo species in insular environments.
Yousuke Kaifu, Iwan Kurniawan, Soichiro Mizushima, Junmei Sawada, Michael Lague, Ruly Setiawan, Indra Sutisna, Unggul P. Wibowo, Gen Suwa, Reiko T. Kono, Tomohiko Sasaki, Adam Brumm, Gerrit D. van den Bergh   +12 more
doaj   +1 more source

Gut microbiome and aging—A dynamic interplay of microbes, metabolites, and the immune system

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Age‐dependent shifts in microbial communities engender shifts in microbial metabolite profiles. These in turn drive shifts in barrier surface permeability of the gut and brain and induce immune activation. When paired with preexisting age‐related chronic inflammation this increases the risk of neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases.
Aaron Mehl, Eran Blacher
wiley   +1 more source

Early Pleistocene freshwater fish from Dursunlu (Ilgın Basin, south-western Türkiye): Implications for early hominin dispersals out of Africa

Quaternary Environments and Humans
Dursunlu, located in the Ilgın Basin (south-western Türkiye), represents one of the most prolific sites to explore early human occupations in Anatolia. This paper describes the lacustrine fish assemblage from this site during the Early Pleistocene (Günz ...
Àngel Blanco-Lapaz, Àngel H. Luján, Elvan Demirci, Josep Sanjuan   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Valosin‐containing protein counteracts ATP‐driven dissolution of FUS condensates through its ATPase activity in vitro

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Biomolecular condensates formed by fused in sarcoma (FUS) are dissolved by high ATP concentrations yet persist in cells. Using a reconstituted system, we demonstrate that valosin‐containing protein (VCP), an AAA+ ATPase, counteracts ATP‐driven dissolution of FUS condensates through its D2 ATPase activity.
Hitomi Kimura, Shin‐ichi Tate, Kyota Yasuda   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Diversity and complexity in neural organoids

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Neural organoid research aims to expand genetic diversity on one side and increase tissue complexity on the other. Chimeroids integrate multiple donor genomes within single organoids. Self‐organising multi‐identity organoids, exogenous cell seeding, or enforced assembly of region‐specific organoids contribute to tissue complexity.
Ilaria Chiaradia, Madeline A. Lancaster
wiley   +1 more source

Hyperosmotic stress induces PARP1‐mediated HPF1‐dependent mono(ADP‐ribosyl)ation

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Sorbitol‐induced hyperosmotic stress rapidly induces reversible mono(ADP‐ribosyl)ation (MARylation) on PARP1 without the signs of genotoxic signaling. We show that PARP1 autoMARylation is HPF1 dependent and forms hydroxylamine‐resistant O‐glycosidic linkages.
Anna Georgina Kopasz, Mihály Mérey, Rebeka Vásárhelyi, Ramóna Pék, Victor Imburchia, László Henn, Adrián Kószó, Nicholas D. Lakin, Ivan Ahel, Sébastien Huet, Ágnes Czibula, Gyula Timinszky   +11 more
wiley   +1 more source

Evolutionary drivers of encephalization and facial reduction in the genus Homo

Nature Communications
The evolution of cranial morphology in the genus Homo is marked by increasing encephalization and reduced facial robusticity through time. These changes are often assumed to be the product of directional natural selection for larger brain size, presumed ...
Mark Hubbe, Katerina Harvati
doaj   +1 more source

Reconstructing birth in Australopithecus sediba.

PLoS ONE, 2019
Hominin birth mechanics have been examined and debated from limited and often fragmentary fossil pelvic material. Some have proposed that birth in the early hominin genus Australopithecus was relatively easy and ape-like, while others have argued for a ...
Natalie M Laudicina, Frankee Rodriguez, Jeremy M DeSilva   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Organizing the interface—Plasma membrane architecture and receptor dynamics in virus‐cell interactions

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
Plasma membranes contain dynamic nanoscale domains that organize lipids and receptors. Because viruses operate at similar scales, this architecture shapes early infection steps, including attachment, receptor engagement, and entry. Using influenza A virus and HIV‐1 as examples, we highlight how receptor nanoclusters, multivalent glycan interactions ...
Jan Schlegel, Christian Sieben
wiley   +1 more source

Almost human: the fossils of early Homo

The FASEB Journal, 2010
The earliest fossils of our genus date to 2.5 ‐ 2.0 million years ago (Ma) in Africa, but are so rare and anatomically limited as to reveal little about the nature of its origin beyond an association with a fluctuating trend towards more open, wetter environments.
openaire   +1 more source