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An Experimental Evaluation of the Atomic Number Effect
Advances in X-ray Analysis, 1973AbstractA method for measuring the atomic number effect is developed using a sandwich sample technique. The depth distributions of x-ray production, ϕ(ρz) curves, have been measured for a zinc tracer in aluminum, copper, silver and gold matrices at 30, 25, 20 and 15 keV. The ϕ(ρz) curves were measured using a Cambridge Microscan 5 in which the electron
L. Parobek, J. D. Brown
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The effective atomic number and the calculation of the composition of phantom materials
The British Journal of Radiology, 1969Abstract The formula for photoelectric absorption given by Walter (1926), used by Spiers (1946) for the calculation of an effective atomic number of a compound material, is adjusted to the values of the attenuation coefficients given by Grodstein (1957). The exponent of the atomic number has to be changed from 2·94 to 3·4 or higher.
J, Weber, D J, van den Berge
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Determination of atomic cross-sections and effective atomic numbers for some alloys
Annals of Nuclear Energy, 2000Abstract The transmission of gamma-rays at the energies, 81, 356, 511, 662, 835, 1274 and 1332 keV has been studied on the alloys brass, bronze, steel, aluminum–silicon and lead–antimony. The mass absorption coefficients have been measured. The total interaction cross-sections and effective atomic numbers have been determined on the basis of mixture ...
A.H. El-Kateb +2 more
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Measurement of the effective atomic numbers of compounds with cerium near to the absorption edge
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2010 In order to measure atomic, molecular and electronic cross-section: the effective atomic number, density of electron and absorption jump factor, we have first measured pc values of compounds which are determined by mixture rule using transmission method.
Recep Polat, Orhan İçelli
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Effective atomic numbers for materials of dosimetric interest
Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 1997Abstract Effective atomic numbers ( Z eff ) for different materials of dosimetric interest have been calculated for total photon interaction in the energy region 1 keV–20 MeV. The calculations are made using the mass attenuation coefficients data from Tables of X-ray Mass Attenuation Coefficients and Mass Energy-absorption Coefficients 1 keV to ...
T.Kiran Kumar, K.Venkata Reddy
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Effective Atomic Number and Energy Absorption in Tissues
The British Journal of Radiology, 1946An X-ray absorption method, using Ross balanced filters, is applied to measure the effective atomic number of excised body tissues. The results are used to calculate linear absorption coefficients and the true energy absorption in ergs per rontgen for these tissues over a wide range of wavelength.
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Effective Atomic Numbers of Heterogeneous Materials
Nature, 1965FOR a single element, the three γ-ray processes—photoelectric, Compton and pair production, can be expressed as a function of photon energy hν and the atomic number Z of the element. At a given photon energy, the interaction is proportional to Zn where n is between 4 and 5 for the photoelectric effect, 1 for the Compton effect, and 2 for pair ...
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A comparative study of effective atomic number calculations for dual‐energy CT
Medical Physics, 2021AbstractPurpose: Several new formalisms of Effective Atomic Number () have emerged recently, deviating from the widely accepted Mayneord's definition. This comparative study aims to reexamine their theories, reveal their connections, and apply them to material differentiation on dual‐energy computed tomography (DECT).Methods: The first part of this ...
Tianyu, Liu, Guobin, Hong, Wenli, Cai
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Odd-even effects for number of atoms in antiferromagnetic atomic chains on ferromagnetic substrate
Physics of the Solid State, 2010The ground state of an antiferromagnetic atomic chain on a ferromagnetic substrate has been studied taking into account the single-ion anisotropy energy. Qualitatively different behavior of even and odd atomic chains has been demonstrated. A phase diagram in terms of chain length-ferromagnet exchange field has been constructed.
A. A. Berzin, A. I. Morosov, A. S. Sigov
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Energy dependence of the effective atomic number of alloys
International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part A. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 1991Abstract To investigate the variation of effective atomic number ( Z eff) of alloys with photon energy, the Z eff of eight different alloys (tungsten steel, monel metal, solder, bell metal, bronze aluminium, bronze ordinary, platinum-rhodium-I and platinum-rhodium-II) have been studied for the total and partial photon interaction processes over ...
Gurmel S. Mudahar +2 more
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