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Effective Atomic Numbers of Heterogeneous Materials
Nature, 1965FOR a single element, the three γ-ray processes—photoelectric, Compton and pair production, can be expressed as a function of photon energy hν and the atomic number Z of the element. At a given photon energy, the interaction is proportional to Zn where n is between 4 and 5 for the photoelectric effect, 1 for the Compton effect, and 2 for pair ...
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Odd-even effects for number of atoms in antiferromagnetic atomic chains on ferromagnetic substrate
Physics of the Solid State, 2010The ground state of an antiferromagnetic atomic chain on a ferromagnetic substrate has been studied taking into account the single-ion anisotropy energy. Qualitatively different behavior of even and odd atomic chains has been demonstrated. A phase diagram in terms of chain length-ferromagnet exchange field has been constructed.
A. A. Berzin, A. I. Morosov, A. S. Sigov
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Journal of Fusion Energy, 2014
The effective atomic weight, A eff , mass attenuation coefficients, μ/ρ, half-value layer, HVL, effective atomic numbers, Z eff and effective electron densities, N eff of hydride and borohydirde metals,
Vishwanath P. Singh, N. M. Badiger
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The effective atomic weight, A eff , mass attenuation coefficients, μ/ρ, half-value layer, HVL, effective atomic numbers, Z eff and effective electron densities, N eff of hydride and borohydirde metals,
Vishwanath P. Singh, N. M. Badiger
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A comparative study of effective atomic number calculations for dual‐energy CT
Medical Physics, 2021AbstractPurpose: Several new formalisms of Effective Atomic Number () have emerged recently, deviating from the widely accepted Mayneord's definition. This comparative study aims to reexamine their theories, reveal their connections, and apply them to material differentiation on dual‐energy computed tomography (DECT).Methods: The first part of this ...
Tianyu, Liu, Guobin, Hong, Wenli, Cai
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Effective principal quantum numbers of valence atomic orbitals
Chemical Physics Letters, 1971Abstract Analysis of radial moments of Hartree-Fock atomic orbitals shows that their shape near the radial maximum implies an effective principal quantum number that remains small even for heavier elements.
L.C. Cusachs, H.S. Aldrich
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Effective atomic number and electron density of marble concrete
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 2012The effective atomic numbers (Z eff) and effective electron density (N e) of different type concrete have been measured and the results were compared with the calculation obtained using the mass attenuation coefficients (μ/ρ) obtained via XCOM in the photon energy range of 1 keV–100 GeV.
El-Khayatt, A. M., AKKURT, İskender
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Effective atomic numbers of alloys from bremsstrahlung measurements
Il Nuovo Cimento B, 1977The effective atomic numbers of three alloys Cu-Ag, Cu-Sn and Sn-Pb were determined by measuring the external-bremsstrahlung (EB) total yields produced in those alloys and also in the constituent elements due to the stoppage in them of the continuous beta-radiation from32P,45Ca,169Er and185W.
V. V. V. Subrahmanyam +2 more
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Effective atomic number in the Rayleigh to Compton scattering ratio
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 1999Abstract Detection and counting X-ray photons scattered by the Rayleigh and Compton processes enable matter to be characterized locally. A theoretical relation was first established which simulates the result of a Rayleigh to Compton ratio measurement.
P. Duvauchelle, G. Peix, D. Babot
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Effective atomic number rule to exchange energy
1995This chapter assesses the effective atomic number rule. The effective atomic number rule applies to molecules where covalent bonding is strong and all the valence orbitals are being used in either homo- and hetero-polar covalent bonds or are occupied by non-binding electron-pairs.
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Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 2012
In this study, the total mass attenuation coefficients (μ(m)) for some homo- and hetero-chain polymers, namely polyamide-6 (PA-6), poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS) were measured at 59.5, 511, 661.6, 1173.2, 1274.5 and 1332.5 keV photon energies.
Küçük, Nil +2 more
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In this study, the total mass attenuation coefficients (μ(m)) for some homo- and hetero-chain polymers, namely polyamide-6 (PA-6), poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS) were measured at 59.5, 511, 661.6, 1173.2, 1274.5 and 1332.5 keV photon energies.
Küçük, Nil +2 more
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