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Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a reversible syndrome of impaired brain function occurring in patients with advanced liver diseases. The precise pathophysiology of HE is still under discussion; the leading hypothesis focus on the role of neurotoxins, impaired neurotransmission due to metabolic changes in liver failure, changes in brain energy metabolism,
J P, Ong, K D, Mullen
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Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis affect hundreds of millions of patients all over the world. The majority of patients with cirrhosis will eventually develop complications related to portal hypertension. One of these recurrent and difficult to treat complications is hepatic encephalopathy.
Wissam Bleibel, Abdullah M. S. Al-Osaimi
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Background: To update the efficacy and safety data of monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and explore the differences in the effect of treatment between patients seropositive and seronegative for ...
Fanxin Kong +11 more
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Pancreatic encephalopathy [PDF]
A 58 year old woman presenting with abdominal distress and a neuropsychiatric disturbance with evidence of focal neurological deficit is described. A diagnosis of pancreatic encephalopathy was made, and the patient was treated accordingly with pancreatic anti-enzymes. A survey of the literature is presented.
B, Sharf, E, Bental
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Every year, more cases of sepsis appear in intensive care units. The most frequent complication of sepsis is septic encephalopathy (SE), which is also the essential determinant of mortality. Despite many years of research, it still is not known at which stage of sepsis the first signs of SE appear; however, it is considered the most frequent form of ...
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Background It has been shown that eosinophils are decreased and monocytes are elevated in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), but the impact of eosinophil-to-monocyte ratio (EMR) on clinical outcomes among AIS patients remains unclear. We aimed to
Shuhong Yu +9 more
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The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of the combination of tirofiban with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in treating patients with capsular warning syndrome (CWS) who failed to respond to the treatment of intravenous ...
Yunzhu Liu +7 more
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Background Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), a rare cause of cerebral infarction, is often unrecognized at initial presentation. We report the case of a patient with bilateral corpus callosum and corona radiata infarction due to cerebral venous ...
Rui Lan +5 more
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Recent advances in targeting calcitonin gene-related peptide for the treatment of menstrual migraine
. Menstrual migraine (MM) has a longer duration and higher drug resistance than non-perimenstrual migraine. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and CGRP receptors are expressed in the peripheral and central nervous systems throughout the ...
Yan Jiang, MMed, Zhen-Lun Huang, BMed
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Uremic encephalopathy encompasses a wide range of central nervous system abnormalities associated with poor kidney function occurring with either progressive chronic kidney disease or acute kidney injury. The syndrome is likely caused by retention of uremic solutes, alterations in hormonal metabolism, changes in electrolyte and acid-base homeostasis ...
Mitchell H, Rosner +4 more
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