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The Violation-of-Expectation Paradigm: A Conceptual Overview
Psychological Review, 2022 For over 35 years, the violation-of-expectation paradigm has been used to study the development of expectations in the first three years of life. A wide range of expectations has been examined, including physical, psychological, sociomoral, biological, numerical, statistical, probabilistic, and linguistic expectations.
Francesco Margoni +2 more
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Brain mechanisms supporting violated expectations of pain [PDF]
Pain, 2015 The subjective experience of pain is influenced by interactions between experiences, future predictions, and incoming afferent information. Expectations of high pain can exacerbate pain, whereas expectations of low pain during a consistently noxious stimulus can produce significant reductions in pain.
Fadel, Zeidan +3 more
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Predicting smokers' non-compliance with smoking restrictions in public places [PDF]
, 2009 Objective: The present study aimed to identify the predictors of non-compliance with smoking restrictions among Greek college student smokers. Differences in attitudes to smoking bans and tobacco control policies between current smokers and non-smokers ...
Eiser, J.R., Lazuras, L., Rodafinos, A.
core +1 more source
Expectancy violations promote learning in young children [PDF]
Cognition, 2017 Children, including infants, have expectations about the world around them, and produce reliable responses when these expectations are violated. However, little is known about how such expectancy violations affect subsequent cognition. Here we tested the hypothesis that violations of expectation enhance children's learning.
Aimee E, Stahl, Lisa, Feigenson
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Cognitive load does not affect the behavioral and cognitive foundations of social cooperation
Frontiers in Psychology, 2016 The present study serves to test whether the cognitive mechanisms underlying social cooperation are affected by cognitive load. Participants interacted with trustworthy-looking and untrustworthy-looking partners in a sequential Prisoner’s Dilemma Game ...
Laura Mieth, Raoul Bell, Axel Buchner
doaj +1 more source
NeuroImage, 2023 Selective use of new information is crucial for adaptive decision-making. Combining a gamble bidding task with assessing cortical responses using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), we investigated potential effects of information valence on ...
Xue-Rui Peng +3 more
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Listening to limericks: a pupillometry investigation of perceivers’ expectancy [PDF]
, 2013 What features of a poem make it captivating, and which cognitive mechanisms are sensitive to these features? We addressed these questions experimentally by measuring pupillary responses of 40 participants who listened to a series of Limericks.
Andrew M. Roberts +12 more
core +5 more sources
Expectation violations produce error signals in mouse V1 [PDF]
Cerebral Cortex, 2022 Abstract Repeated exposure to visual sequences changes the form of evoked activity in the primary visual cortex (V1). Predictive coding theory provides a potential explanation for this, namely that plasticity shapes cortical circuits to encode spatiotemporal predictions and that subsequent responses are modulated by the degree to ...
Byron H. Price +3 more
openaire +2 more sources
Examining direct sales as a violation of friendship expectations on WeChat
Cogent Social Sciences, 2023 WeChat has emerged as the leading app in China, providing a platform for direct sellers. However, selling behaviors can be perceived as violations to friends, as WeChat was originally designed for private sharing.
Xiaoti Fan
doaj +1 more source
The role of stimulus-driven versus goal-directed processes in fight and flight tendencies measured with motor evoked potentials induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation [PDF]
, 2019 This study examines two contrasting explanations for early tendencies to fight and flee. According to a stimulus-driven explanation, goal-incompatible stimuli that are easy/difficult to control lead to the tendency to fight/flee.
Bardi, Lara +6 more
core +2 more sources