Results 101 to 110 of about 28,000 (215)

Cerebral oxygen extraction across different exercise intensities: Role of arterial PCO2${P_{{\mathrm{C}}{{\mathrm{O}}_2}}}$

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract Stability in cerebral oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) is typically determined by alterations in cerebral blood flow (CBF). At rest, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2${P_{{\mathrm{aC}}{{\mathrm{O}}_2}}}$) and OEF exhibit a strong inverse relationship owing to the powerful influence of PaCO2${P_{{\mathrm{aC}}{{\mathrm{O}}_2}}}$
L. Madden Brewster, Travis Dylan Gibbons, Hannah Grace Caldwell, Connor A. Howe, Jennifer S. Duffy, Andrew R. Steele, Justin A. Monteleone, Jay M. J. R. Carr, Jodie Lauren Koep, Tenasia D. R. Monaghan, David B. MacLeod, Philip N. Ainslie   +11 more
wiley   +1 more source

Emerging Role of Extracellular pH in Tumor Microenvironment as a Therapeutic Target for Cancer Immunotherapy

Cells
Identifying definitive biomarkers that predict clinical response and resistance to immunotherapy remains a critical challenge. One emerging factor is extracellular acidosis in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which significantly impairs immune cell ...
Md Ataur Rahman, Mahesh Kumar Yadab, Meser M. Ali   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Science review: extracellular acidosis and the immune response: clinical and physiologic implications.

Critical care (London, England), 2004
Metabolic acidosis is among the most common abnormalities seen in patients suffering from critical illness. Its etiologies are multiple and treatment of the underlying condition is the mainstay of therapy. However, growing evidence suggests that acidosis itself has profound effects on the host, particularly in the area of immune function.
Kellum, John A, Song, Mingchen, Li, Jinyou   +2 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Brain strain: Blood flow and metabolism in environmental extremes

Experimental Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract This narrative review compares and contrasts the most commonly encountered environmental stressors on human cerebrovascular functioning. From high altitude and space, extreme apnoea, heat and cold stress, the impact of these stressors on the regulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygen metabolism (CMRO2${\mathrm{CM}}{{\mathrm{R}}_ ...
Dario Vrdoljak, Damian M. Bailey, Travis D. Gibbons, Philip N. Ainslie   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Mitochondrial oxidative stress, calcium and dynamics in cardiac ischaemia‐reperfusion injury

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Heart attack causes ischaemia–reperfusion injury in cardiomyocytes. Mitochondria generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress. High levels of mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) activate the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), and excess ROS levels can lower the Ca2+ required to activate the mPTP ...
Emily Rozich, Ulas Ozkurede, Shanmugasundaram Pakkiriswami, Ryan Gemilere, Samira M. Azarin, Julia C. Liu   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Acidosis and the role of nanotechnology in mitigating cancer progression

Oncology Reviews
Far from being a mere epiphenomenon, acidosis is a pivotal factor in the somatic evolution of cancer and its progression toward malignancy. This review provides an inclusive overview of the mechanisms by which acidosis induces and selects for malignant ...
Xiaojie Liu, Rui Zhou, Ziliang Chu, Jie Liu, Jie Liu   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

The role of acid‐base balance in cerebrovascular and ventilatory responses to CO2 during 10 h normobaric hypoxia

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend During 10 h exposures to normobaric hypoxia exposure there was a selective leftward shift in ventilatory response to hyperoxic hypercapnic rebreathing, but not the cerebrovascular response. The key findings are that the resetting of the central chemoreflex to lower PCO2${P_{{\mathrm{C}}{{\mathrm{O}}_2}}}$ during early hypoxic ...
Holly Barclay, Saptarshi Mukerji, Bengt Kayser, Jui‐Lin Fan   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Hypoxia and hypercapnia elicit overlapping but distinct skeletal muscle toxicities

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Hypoxia and hypercapnia cause overlapping skeletal muscle phenotypes, including atrophy, change in myofibre metabolic profile and myogenic response to injury. Both signals operate via distinct cellular pathways. Abstract Skeletal muscle dysfunction is strongly associated with elevated mortality in acute and chronic pulmonary ...
Joseph Balnis, Ariel Jaitovich
wiley   +1 more source

Electrodiffusion in cardiac intercalated disc nanostructures alters cell–cell action potential transmission via ephaptic coupling: A model study

The Journal of Physiology, EarlyView.
Abstract figure legend Ephaptic phenomena in a high‐resolution model of the cardiac intercalated disc. Meshed representation of a tortuous intercalated disc that was generated based on electron and super‐resolution microscopy data. Na+ channels (red) and gap junctions (green) are heterogeneously distributed, with additional regions of reduced ion ...
Ena Ivanovic, Marina Vannucci, Nicolae Moise, Seth H. Weinberg, Jan P. Kucera   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Extracellular Acidosis Promotes Metastatic Potency via Decrease of the BMAL1 Circadian Clock Gene in Breast Cancer. [PDF]

Cells, 2020
Kwon YJ, Seo EB, Kwon SH, Lee SH, Kim SK, Park SK, Kim K, Park S, Park IC, Park JW, Ye SK.   +10 more
europepmc   +1 more source